Study of depression and antidepressant drugs mainly depends on animal models. Twelve animal models of depression related to some sets of validating criteria are reviewed. Of the 12 models, some traditional models (res...Study of depression and antidepressant drugs mainly depends on animal models. Twelve animal models of depression related to some sets of validating criteria are reviewed. Of the 12 models, some traditional models (reserpine reversal, amphetamine potentiation) are rejected as they are devoid of selectivity, insufficient to predict antidepressant activity in the compounds tested. The models with the highest overall validity are the intracranial self-stimulation, chronic stress and learned helplessness models in rats, and the primate separation model. A combination of several models may be the best way to study depression and to screen antidepressant drugs. This combination can be used to detect compounds comparable to those antidepressants possessing clinically established antidepressant activity.展开更多
目的检验中文版牛津膝关节量表评估全膝关节置换术前患者膝关节功能的信度和效度。方法经翻译、回译、文化适应性检验和预测试形成中文版牛津膝关节量表，对114例因膝关节骨关节炎行全膝关节置换患者的术前膝关节功能进行评估。男23例，...目的检验中文版牛津膝关节量表评估全膝关节置换术前患者膝关节功能的信度和效度。方法经翻译、回译、文化适应性检验和预测试形成中文版牛津膝关节量表，对114例因膝关节骨关节炎行全膝关节置换患者的术前膝关节功能进行评估。男23例，女91例；年龄55～84岁，平均（67．35±6．94）岁。对比西安大略和麦克马斯特大学（Western Ontario and McMaster Universities，WOMAC）骨关节炎指数、简明生活质量量表-8（short Form 8 Health Survey，SF-8）中的生理维度、欧洲五维健康量表（EuroQolGroup5-DimensionSelf-ReportQuestionnaire，EQ-5D）中的行动能力及日常活动能力，检验量表的内部-致性、内容效度、结构效度、聚合效度和区分效度，分析其天花板效应及地板效应。结果中文版牛津膝关节量表具有良好的内部-致性（Cronbach＇α系数为0．885）。与WOMAC骨关节炎指数（r=-0．80）及SF-8中的生理维度（r=0．65）呈强相关，与EQ-5D中的行动能力（r=-0．35）及日常活动能力（r=-0．41）呈中度相关；与SF-8的心理维度（r=0．58）呈强相关，与EQ-5D的焦虑／抑郁条目呈中度相关（r=-0．35），与EQ-5D的视觉模拟评分（visual analoguescale，VAS）呈弱相关（r=0．30）。说明其聚合效度与区分效度良好。探索性因子分析提取出三个公因子：躯体功能、疼痛、睡眠问题，累积方差贡献率为66．02％，因子载荷均高于0．4。量表各条目均未出现天花板效应及地板效应。结论中文版牛津膝关节量表具有良好的信度和效度，能够敏感检测到膝关节骨关节炎患者的膝关节功能及与健康相关的生活质量的变化。展开更多
文摘Study of depression and antidepressant drugs mainly depends on animal models. Twelve animal models of depression related to some sets of validating criteria are reviewed. Of the 12 models, some traditional models (reserpine reversal, amphetamine potentiation) are rejected as they are devoid of selectivity, insufficient to predict antidepressant activity in the compounds tested. The models with the highest overall validity are the intracranial self-stimulation, chronic stress and learned helplessness models in rats, and the primate separation model. A combination of several models may be the best way to study depression and to screen antidepressant drugs. This combination can be used to detect compounds comparable to those antidepressants possessing clinically established antidepressant activity.
文摘目的检验中文版牛津膝关节量表评估全膝关节置换术前患者膝关节功能的信度和效度。方法经翻译、回译、文化适应性检验和预测试形成中文版牛津膝关节量表，对114例因膝关节骨关节炎行全膝关节置换患者的术前膝关节功能进行评估。男23例，女91例；年龄55～84岁，平均（67．35±6．94）岁。对比西安大略和麦克马斯特大学（Western Ontario and McMaster Universities，WOMAC）骨关节炎指数、简明生活质量量表-8（short Form 8 Health Survey，SF-8）中的生理维度、欧洲五维健康量表（EuroQolGroup5-DimensionSelf-ReportQuestionnaire，EQ-5D）中的行动能力及日常活动能力，检验量表的内部-致性、内容效度、结构效度、聚合效度和区分效度，分析其天花板效应及地板效应。结果中文版牛津膝关节量表具有良好的内部-致性（Cronbach＇α系数为0．885）。与WOMAC骨关节炎指数（r=-0．80）及SF-8中的生理维度（r=0．65）呈强相关，与EQ-5D中的行动能力（r=-0．35）及日常活动能力（r=-0．41）呈中度相关；与SF-8的心理维度（r=0．58）呈强相关，与EQ-5D的焦虑／抑郁条目呈中度相关（r=-0．35），与EQ-5D的视觉模拟评分（visual analoguescale，VAS）呈弱相关（r=0．30）。说明其聚合效度与区分效度良好。探索性因子分析提取出三个公因子：躯体功能、疼痛、睡眠问题，累积方差贡献率为66．02％，因子载荷均高于0．4。量表各条目均未出现天花板效应及地板效应。结论中文版牛津膝关节量表具有良好的信度和效度，能够敏感检测到膝关节骨关节炎患者的膝关节功能及与健康相关的生活质量的变化。
