The newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) has infected millions of people and caused tremendous morbidity and mortality worldwide. Effective treatment for coronavirus disease 2019(C...The newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) has infected millions of people and caused tremendous morbidity and mortality worldwide. Effective treatment for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) due to SARSCoV-2 infection is lacking, and different therapeutic strategies are under testing. Host humoral and cellular immunity to SARSCoV-2 infection is a critical determinant for patients’ outcomes. SARS-CoV-2 infection results in seroconversion and production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The antibodies may suppress viral replication through neutralization but might also participate in COVID-19 pathogenesis through a process termed antibody-dependent enhancement. Rapid progress has been made in the research of antibody response and therapy in COVID-19 patients, including characterization of the clinical features of antibody responses in different populations infected by SARS-CoV-2, treatment of COVID-19 patients with convalescent plasma and intravenous immunoglobin products, isolation and characterization of a large panel of monoclonal neutralizing antibodies and early clinical testing, as well as clinical results from several COVID-19 vaccine candidates. In this review, we summarize the recent progress and discuss the implications of these findings in vaccine development.展开更多
目的系统性分析恢复期血浆及免疫球蛋白对严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)的疗效,以期为使用恢复期血浆及免疫球蛋白治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)提出建议。方法检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Embase、中国知网、维...目的系统性分析恢复期血浆及免疫球蛋白对严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)的疗效,以期为使用恢复期血浆及免疫球蛋白治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)提出建议。方法检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Embase、中国知网、维普、万方及CBM数据库,从2002年11月至2020年3月发表的有关恢复期血浆及免疫球蛋白治疗SARS的相关临床研究。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料,使用英国国立健康和临床优化研究所病例系列研究质量评分表进行偏倚评估,并对结果进行系统性评价。结果最终纳入10项临床研究,包括212例患者。4篇为病例分析,5篇为病例报告,1篇为病例对照研究;纳入文献质量较低。系统性分析显示,有107例患者在治疗过程中使用了恢复期血浆,16例使用了免疫球蛋白,明确未接受上述两种方法治疗者49例,余40例分组不明。恢复期血浆和免疫球蛋白治疗能改善SARS患者症状,降低病死率(共死亡12例),使大部分SARS患者病情好转;而未接受上述两种方法治疗患者中死亡11例。结论恢复期血浆及免疫球蛋白可有效治疗SARS患者。但由于研究质量较低,缺乏对照,故建议现阶段使用恢复期血浆及免疫球蛋白治疗新冠肺炎患者应持谨慎态度。展开更多
The new coronavirus disease(COVID-19)outbreak has challenged us to take unprecedented steps to bring this pandemic under control.In view of the urgency of this situation,convalescent plasma which was used in previous ...The new coronavirus disease(COVID-19)outbreak has challenged us to take unprecedented steps to bring this pandemic under control.In view of the urgency of this situation,convalescent plasma which was used in previous coronavirus outbreaks has emerged as one of the treatment options in this current pandemic.This is mainly due to the fact that convalescent plasma has been studied in a few case series with promising outcomes.In addition,on-going large clinical trials aimed to further evaluate the effectiveness,safety,and optimal dosage,duration and timing of administration of convalescent plasma are indeed revealing a certain level of promising results.Therefore,this article aims to provide an overview of possible mechanisms of actions of convalescent plasma,its benefits and its level of usage safeness by summarizing the existing evidence on the use of convalescent plasma in COVID-19 patients.展开更多
This is a succinct and current review of pertinent literature to guide developing serum therapy as an emergent treatment to save human lives at times of natural or genetically engineered viral/bacterial pandemics. The...This is a succinct and current review of pertinent literature to guide developing serum therapy as an emergent treatment to save human lives at times of natural or genetically engineered viral/bacterial pandemics. The origin of 2019-nCoV and implications of COVID-19 are discussed using direct quotes of published scientific literature to avoid misinterpretation on this very important event that has caused great loss of human lives and international social economy. It is the goal of this review to warn against and to correct international misunderstanding created by deliberate falsification of scientific documentations and events. This misunderstanding may lead to further destruction of life, economy, and political relations. People should not be blind-sighted when making life decisions.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0205200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81571785,81771957,81901857,81801811)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(2018A030313074)to Dr.Ligong Luthe Zhuhai Municipal Science and Technology Foundation(ZH22046301200004PWC)to Dr.Shi-You Lithe Sunny Li Family fund to You-Wen He。
文摘The newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) has infected millions of people and caused tremendous morbidity and mortality worldwide. Effective treatment for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) due to SARSCoV-2 infection is lacking, and different therapeutic strategies are under testing. Host humoral and cellular immunity to SARSCoV-2 infection is a critical determinant for patients’ outcomes. SARS-CoV-2 infection results in seroconversion and production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The antibodies may suppress viral replication through neutralization but might also participate in COVID-19 pathogenesis through a process termed antibody-dependent enhancement. Rapid progress has been made in the research of antibody response and therapy in COVID-19 patients, including characterization of the clinical features of antibody responses in different populations infected by SARS-CoV-2, treatment of COVID-19 patients with convalescent plasma and intravenous immunoglobin products, isolation and characterization of a large panel of monoclonal neutralizing antibodies and early clinical testing, as well as clinical results from several COVID-19 vaccine candidates. In this review, we summarize the recent progress and discuss the implications of these findings in vaccine development.
文摘目的系统性分析恢复期血浆及免疫球蛋白对严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)的疗效,以期为使用恢复期血浆及免疫球蛋白治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)提出建议。方法检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Embase、中国知网、维普、万方及CBM数据库,从2002年11月至2020年3月发表的有关恢复期血浆及免疫球蛋白治疗SARS的相关临床研究。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料,使用英国国立健康和临床优化研究所病例系列研究质量评分表进行偏倚评估,并对结果进行系统性评价。结果最终纳入10项临床研究,包括212例患者。4篇为病例分析,5篇为病例报告,1篇为病例对照研究;纳入文献质量较低。系统性分析显示,有107例患者在治疗过程中使用了恢复期血浆,16例使用了免疫球蛋白,明确未接受上述两种方法治疗者49例,余40例分组不明。恢复期血浆和免疫球蛋白治疗能改善SARS患者症状,降低病死率(共死亡12例),使大部分SARS患者病情好转;而未接受上述两种方法治疗患者中死亡11例。结论恢复期血浆及免疫球蛋白可有效治疗SARS患者。但由于研究质量较低,缺乏对照,故建议现阶段使用恢复期血浆及免疫球蛋白治疗新冠肺炎患者应持谨慎态度。
基金financially supported by Taylor’s University Emerging Grant(TRGS/ERFS/2/2018/SBS/016)Monash Global Asia in the 21st Century(GA21)research grants(GA-HW-19-L01&GA-HW-19-S02)Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS/1/2019/WAB09/MUSM/02/1&FRGS/1/2019/SKK08/TAYLOR/02/2)
文摘The new coronavirus disease(COVID-19)outbreak has challenged us to take unprecedented steps to bring this pandemic under control.In view of the urgency of this situation,convalescent plasma which was used in previous coronavirus outbreaks has emerged as one of the treatment options in this current pandemic.This is mainly due to the fact that convalescent plasma has been studied in a few case series with promising outcomes.In addition,on-going large clinical trials aimed to further evaluate the effectiveness,safety,and optimal dosage,duration and timing of administration of convalescent plasma are indeed revealing a certain level of promising results.Therefore,this article aims to provide an overview of possible mechanisms of actions of convalescent plasma,its benefits and its level of usage safeness by summarizing the existing evidence on the use of convalescent plasma in COVID-19 patients.
文摘This is a succinct and current review of pertinent literature to guide developing serum therapy as an emergent treatment to save human lives at times of natural or genetically engineered viral/bacterial pandemics. The origin of 2019-nCoV and implications of COVID-19 are discussed using direct quotes of published scientific literature to avoid misinterpretation on this very important event that has caused great loss of human lives and international social economy. It is the goal of this review to warn against and to correct international misunderstanding created by deliberate falsification of scientific documentations and events. This misunderstanding may lead to further destruction of life, economy, and political relations. People should not be blind-sighted when making life decisions.
