Based on the field survey data of four cruises in 2011,all phytoplankton communities in the southern Yellow Sea (SYS) were investigated for the species composition,dominant species,abundance and diversity indices.A to...Based on the field survey data of four cruises in 2011,all phytoplankton communities in the southern Yellow Sea (SYS) were investigated for the species composition,dominant species,abundance and diversity indices.A total of 379 species belonging to9 phyla were identified,of which the most abundant group was Bacillariophyta (60.9%) ,followed by Pyrrophyta (23.7%) and Haptophyta (6.9%) .The seasonal distribution of abundance was:summer (4137.1×103ind m 3) >spring (3940.4×103ind m 3) >winter (3010.6×103ind m 3) >autumn (340.8×103ind m 3) ,while the horizontal distribution showed a decreasing tendency from inshore to offshore regions.The dominant species of phytoplankton varied in different seasons.The dominant species were Thalassiosira pacifica,Skeletoema spp.and Chaetoceros cinctus in spring,Chaetoceros debbilis,Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus and Chaetoceros curvisetus in summer,Thalassiosira curviseriata,Alexandrium catenella and Ceratium fusus in autumn,Paralia sulcata,Phaeocystis sp.and Bacillaria paradoxa in winter,respectively.In SYS,the group of temperate coastal species was the major ecotype,and the groups of the central SYS species and oceanic species were also important constituents.The average values of Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H’) and Pielou evenness index (J) were 2.37 and 0.65 respectively.The indices H’and J in the open sea were higher than those in coastal waters.Obvious co-variation tendencies between H’and J were observed in all but the summer cruise of this survey.展开更多
对采自湖北省英山县的细茎石斛〔Dendrobium moniliforme(Linn.)Sw.〕根、茎和叶中的内生细菌及其根围苔藓内生细菌和根围土壤细菌进行分离,并采用扩增核糖体DNA限制性酶切分析(ARDRA)与UPGMA聚类分析相结合的方法对这些细菌菌株进行鉴...对采自湖北省英山县的细茎石斛〔Dendrobium moniliforme(Linn.)Sw.〕根、茎和叶中的内生细菌及其根围苔藓内生细菌和根围土壤细菌进行分离,并采用扩增核糖体DNA限制性酶切分析(ARDRA)与UPGMA聚类分析相结合的方法对这些细菌菌株进行鉴定和多样性分析;在此基础上,采用平板检测技术测定了这些细菌菌株的解磷、解钾、产生长素和嗜铁素的能力。结果显示:从细茎石斛根和茎以及根围苔藓和根围土壤中共分离获得75株细菌菌株,从叶中未分离出内生细菌。其中,源自根和茎的内生细菌菌株分别为14和7株;源自根围苔藓的内生细菌菌株偏少,仅14株;源自根围土壤的细菌菌株最多,达到40株。75株菌株可被分成33个ARDRA簇,通过16S r DNA序列测定及比对,它们分别隶属于链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、拉恩氏菌属(Rahnella)、潘多拉菌属(Pandoraea)、微杆菌属(Microbacterium)、赖氨酸芽孢杆菌属(Lysinibacillus)和泛菌属(Pantoea),其中芽孢杆菌属和假单胞菌属为优势属。在75株内生和根围细菌中,有22株菌株兼具解无机磷和有机磷的能力、25株菌株具有解钾能力、64株菌株具有产生长素能力、39株菌株具有产嗜铁素能力,其中有9株菌株兼具解磷、解钾、产生长素和嗜铁素的能力。总体上看,细茎石斛的内生和根围细菌数量多且多样性较高,其中9株兼具4种促生潜力的菌株可作为促进细茎石斛生长的候选菌株。展开更多
The impacts of temperature, photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on CO2 flux above broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest in the Changbai Mountains were studied based on eddy covarianc...The impacts of temperature, photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on CO2 flux above broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest in the Changbai Mountains were studied based on eddy covariance and meteorological factors measurements.The results showed that, daytime CO2 flux was mainly controlled by PAR and they fit Michaelis-Menten equation. Meanwhile VPD also had an influence on the daytime flux. Drier air reduced the CO2 assimilation of the ecosystem, the drier the air, the more the reduction of the assimilation. And the forest was more sensitive to VPD in June than that in July and August. The respiration of the ecosystem was mainly controlled by soil temperature and they fit exponential equation. It was found that this relationship was also correlated with seasons; respiration from April to July was higher than that from August to November under the same temperature. Daily net carbon exchange of the ecosystem and the daily mean air temperature fit exponential equation. It was also found that seasonal trend of net carbon exchange was the result of comprehensive impacts of temperature and PAR and so on. These resulted in the biggest CO2 uptake in June and those in July and August were next. Annual carbon uptake of the forest ecosystem in 2003 was -184 gC. m-2.展开更多
基金supported by the grants from the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2010CB428903)the National Marine Public Welfare Research Project of China(Nos.201205015 and 201305009)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41206103)the Basic Scientific Research of SIO,SOA(No.JG1222)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41306112)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.LY13D060004)the Basic Scientific Research Fund of SIO,China(No.JG1311)the Marine Science Foundation of State Oceanic Administration for Youth(No.2013140)
文摘Based on the field survey data of four cruises in 2011,all phytoplankton communities in the southern Yellow Sea (SYS) were investigated for the species composition,dominant species,abundance and diversity indices.A total of 379 species belonging to9 phyla were identified,of which the most abundant group was Bacillariophyta (60.9%) ,followed by Pyrrophyta (23.7%) and Haptophyta (6.9%) .The seasonal distribution of abundance was:summer (4137.1×103ind m 3) >spring (3940.4×103ind m 3) >winter (3010.6×103ind m 3) >autumn (340.8×103ind m 3) ,while the horizontal distribution showed a decreasing tendency from inshore to offshore regions.The dominant species of phytoplankton varied in different seasons.The dominant species were Thalassiosira pacifica,Skeletoema spp.and Chaetoceros cinctus in spring,Chaetoceros debbilis,Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus and Chaetoceros curvisetus in summer,Thalassiosira curviseriata,Alexandrium catenella and Ceratium fusus in autumn,Paralia sulcata,Phaeocystis sp.and Bacillaria paradoxa in winter,respectively.In SYS,the group of temperate coastal species was the major ecotype,and the groups of the central SYS species and oceanic species were also important constituents.The average values of Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H’) and Pielou evenness index (J) were 2.37 and 0.65 respectively.The indices H’and J in the open sea were higher than those in coastal waters.Obvious co-variation tendencies between H’and J were observed in all but the summer cruise of this survey.
文摘对采自湖北省英山县的细茎石斛〔Dendrobium moniliforme(Linn.)Sw.〕根、茎和叶中的内生细菌及其根围苔藓内生细菌和根围土壤细菌进行分离,并采用扩增核糖体DNA限制性酶切分析(ARDRA)与UPGMA聚类分析相结合的方法对这些细菌菌株进行鉴定和多样性分析;在此基础上,采用平板检测技术测定了这些细菌菌株的解磷、解钾、产生长素和嗜铁素的能力。结果显示:从细茎石斛根和茎以及根围苔藓和根围土壤中共分离获得75株细菌菌株,从叶中未分离出内生细菌。其中,源自根和茎的内生细菌菌株分别为14和7株;源自根围苔藓的内生细菌菌株偏少,仅14株;源自根围土壤的细菌菌株最多,达到40株。75株菌株可被分成33个ARDRA簇,通过16S r DNA序列测定及比对,它们分别隶属于链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、拉恩氏菌属(Rahnella)、潘多拉菌属(Pandoraea)、微杆菌属(Microbacterium)、赖氨酸芽孢杆菌属(Lysinibacillus)和泛菌属(Pantoea),其中芽孢杆菌属和假单胞菌属为优势属。在75株内生和根围细菌中,有22株菌株兼具解无机磷和有机磷的能力、25株菌株具有解钾能力、64株菌株具有产生长素能力、39株菌株具有产嗜铁素能力,其中有9株菌株兼具解磷、解钾、产生长素和嗜铁素的能力。总体上看,细茎石斛的内生和根围细菌数量多且多样性较高,其中9株兼具4种促生潜力的菌株可作为促进细茎石斛生长的候选菌株。
基金This work was supported by the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.KZCX1-SW-01-01A)the National Key Basic Research Development and Program(Grant No.2002CB412502)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30370293)Institute of Applied Ecology,CAS.
文摘The impacts of temperature, photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on CO2 flux above broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest in the Changbai Mountains were studied based on eddy covariance and meteorological factors measurements.The results showed that, daytime CO2 flux was mainly controlled by PAR and they fit Michaelis-Menten equation. Meanwhile VPD also had an influence on the daytime flux. Drier air reduced the CO2 assimilation of the ecosystem, the drier the air, the more the reduction of the assimilation. And the forest was more sensitive to VPD in June than that in July and August. The respiration of the ecosystem was mainly controlled by soil temperature and they fit exponential equation. It was found that this relationship was also correlated with seasons; respiration from April to July was higher than that from August to November under the same temperature. Daily net carbon exchange of the ecosystem and the daily mean air temperature fit exponential equation. It was also found that seasonal trend of net carbon exchange was the result of comprehensive impacts of temperature and PAR and so on. These resulted in the biggest CO2 uptake in June and those in July and August were next. Annual carbon uptake of the forest ecosystem in 2003 was -184 gC. m-2.
