摘要
为了有效修复和美化污染的土壤环境,降低重金属的污染,将培养生物菌剂与2种富集植物联合修复铅(Pb)污染的土壤,通过微生物培养、高效液相色谱、微生物群落多样性分析等方法,研究土壤中重金属残留、酶活性、叶绿素含量、重金属抗性菌、微生物数量和群落多样性。结果表明:Pb污染浓度为400 mg/kg,分别经过联合修复30 d和60 d,土壤中重金属浓度分别下降了19.61%、19.48%,60 d比30 d吸附率分别提高了16.82%、17.83%。过氧化氢酶由对照组的5.6 mg/kg增加到11.4、15.9 mg/kg;碱性磷酸酶的活性由45.6 mg/kg增加到88.4、93.4 mg/kg;蔗糖酶的活性由4.2 mg/kg增加到9.6、9.9 mg/kg;脲酶的活性由32.6 mg/kg增加到66.3、71.2 mg/kg。叶绿素的含量分别增加9.16%、9.18%。重金属抗性菌检出量分别减少21.31%和20.27%。细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量最高增加了97.68%、67.63%、210.09%。微生物群落多样性和丰度也相应增加2.7%、2.9%。可见污染土壤经过微生物菌剂与植物联系修复后,植物的光合作用增强,加快重金属的吸附和转运,提高酶活性,提升植物对重金属的耐受性,重金属抗性菌数量显著降低,微生物群落多样性增加;阐明微生物菌剂和植物协同作用下对重金属污染土壤的强化修复机制,为高效治理土壤污染提供科学依据。
In order to effectively repair and beautify the polluted soil and reduce the pollution of heavy metals,the cultivation of biological agents and two enrichment plants were combined to repair the lead soil.After 30 and 60 days of combined remediation with 400 mg/kg,the concentration of heavy metals in soil was decreased 19.61%and 19.48%,respectively.So the adsorption rate were increased by 16.82%and 17.83%,respectively.The activity of catalase was increased from 5.6 mg/kg to 11.4 mg/kg and 15.9 mg/kg.The activity of alkaline phosphatase was increased from 45.6 mg/kg to 88.4 mg/kg and 93.4 mg/kg,respectively.The activity of sucrase was increased from 4.2 mg/kg to 9.6 mg/kg and 9.9 mg/kg,respectively.So the activity of urease was increased from 32.6 mg/kg to 66.3 mg/kg and 71.2 mg/kg,respectively.The content of chlorophyll was increased 9.16%and 9.18%,respectively.The number of heavy metal resistant bacteria was decreased 21.31%and 20.27%,respectively.The number of bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes were increased by 97.68%,67.63%and 210.09%,respectively.The diversity and abundance of microbial community were increased 2.7%and 2.9%,respectively.The results showed that the photosynthesis of plants were enhanced.The adsorption and transport of heavy metals were accelerated.So were the enzyme activity,and the tolerance of plants to heavy metals were enhanced gradually.Meantime,the number of heavy metal-resistant bacteria were decreased apparently.And so on,the number of bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes were increased significantly.It was concluded that the plants and microbial agents could effectively promote the adsorption of plants to heavy metals and strengthen the repair effect,and which could provided scientific basis for the study of heavy metal pollution remediation.
作者
韩冰
周丽鹏
姚文利
徐佳婷
董莉莉
张明
孙世梅
HAN Bing;ZHOU Li-peng;YAO Wen-li;XU Jia-ting;DONG Li-li;ZHANG Ming;SUN Shi-mei(School of Emergency Science and Engineering,Jilin Jianzhu University,Changchun 130118,China;Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment Ministry of Education,Jilin Jianzhu University,Changchun 130118,China)
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2024年第11期4793-4799,共7页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
吉林省科技厅重点研发项目(20210203196SF、20220203025SF、20220203010SF)
吉林省教育厅科研项目(JJKH20240390KJ)
城乡和住房建设部科研项目(2022-KJ-01)。
关键词
污染土壤
重金属
生态修复
重金属抗性菌
微生物多样性
contaminated soil
heavy metal
biological restoration
heavy metal resistant bacteria
microbial community structure
