摘要
为探究覆膜条件下铁改性磷负载生物炭对花生植株磷素利用及产量的影响,该研究于2021和2022年设置盆栽裂区试验,研究不同覆膜方式(覆膜处理(M1)和无膜处理(M0))下,铁改性磷负载生物炭处理(常规施磷量+无生物炭处理(P1C0)、3/4常规施磷量+7.5 t/hm^(2)铁改性磷负载生物炭处理(P2C1)、3/4常规施磷量+15 t/hm^(2)铁改性磷负载生物炭处理(P2C2)、2/3常规施磷量+7.5 t/hm^(2)铁改性磷负载生物炭(P3C1)、2/3常规施磷量+15 t/hm^(2)铁改性磷负载生物炭(P3C2))对花生植株叶绿素含量、净光合速率、干物质积累量、磷素利用、土壤有效磷含量及花生产量的影响。研究结果表明,与M0处理相比,M1处理下花生苗期、花针期、结荚期和饱果期叶绿素含量与净光合速率分别提高了7.6%和29.1%、12.4%和25.9%、14.9%和16.0%、6.5%和14.8%,饱果期干物质积累量和产量分别提高了17.7%和18.8%(2 a平均)。同一覆膜方式下,从苗期至饱果期,花生净光合速率和土壤有效磷含量呈先升高后降低的趋势,在花针期达到最大值。与P1C0处理相比,P2C1处理饱果期土壤有效磷含量、花生植株磷素积累量、干物质积累量及产量分别显著提高了为13.5%、14.3%、6.5%和10.2%(2 a平均)。不同覆膜方式和铁改性磷负载生物炭处理中,M1P2C1处理土壤有效磷含量、植株磷素积累量、饱果期干物质量及产量均为最优,花生产量较M0P1C0处理(常规处理)提高了40.4%(2 a平均)。因此,覆膜处理结合3/4常规施磷量和7.5 t/hm^(2)铁改性磷负载生物炭可通过提高土壤有效磷含量,促进植株对磷素的吸收利用,增加叶绿素含量,提高光合作用和干物质积累量,最终实现花生增产。研究结果可为花生田减磷增效生产提供理论参考。
In order to explore the effects of iron-modified and phosphorus loaded biochar application on phosphorus utilization and yield of peanut plants under film mulching,a split plot pot experiment was carried out in 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the effect of iron-modified and phosphorus loaded biochar treatments(P1C0,conventional phosphorus application rate plus nonbiochar treatment;P2C1,3/4 conventional phosphorus application rate plus 7.5 t/hm^(2) iron-modified and phosphorus loaded biochar treatment;P2C2,3/4 conventional phosphorus application rate plus 15 t/hm^(2) iron-modified and phosphorus loaded biochar treatment;P3C1,2/3 conventional phosphorus application rate plus 7.5 t/hm^(2) iron-modified and phosphorus loaded biochar;P3C2,2/3 conventional phosphorus application rate plus 15 t/hm^(2) iron-modified and phosphorus loaded biochar treatment)on chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate,dry matter accumulation,phosphorus utilization,soil available phosphorus content,and peanut yield under different mulching methods(M0,no mulching;M1,film mulching).The pot experiment was conducted at the Crop Drought-Resistant Cultivation Experimental Farm of Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,which was equipped with rain shelter to control the soil water content during the peanut growing season.The peanut cultivar for the experiment was“nonghua 9”.The biochar used for making iron-modified and phosphorus loaded biochar was derived from corn straw,which was produced by Shenyang Longtai Biological Engineering Co.,LTD.During the whole peanut growth stage,when the soil water content was less than 55%(v/v)of the field capacity,the pot was watered until the soil water content reached to 85%(v/v)of the field capacity.The results showed that the M1 treatment increased the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate at the seedling,flowering,pod setting,and pod filling stage by 7.6%and 29.1%,12.4%and 25.9%,14.9%and 16.0%,6.5%and 14.8%(2 a average),respectively,compared to the M0 treatment.Dry matter accumulation at the pod
作者
夏桂敏
刘宇庭
罗秀兰
逄彧广
郑俊林
迟道才
XIA Guimin;LIU Yuting;LUO Xiulan;PANG Yuguang;ZHENG Junlin;CHI Daocai(College of Water Resources,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第20期176-187,共12页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金联合基金重点项目(U21A20217)
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1500705)
国家自然科学基金项目(52209063)
辽宁省博士科研启动基金项目(2021-BS-143)
辽宁省教育厅科学研究项目(LJKZ0695)。
关键词
覆膜
产量
铁改性磷负载生物炭
磷素利用
土壤有效磷
花生
film mulching
yield
iron-modified and phosphorus loaded biochar
P utilization
soil available phosphorus
peanut
