摘要
土壤钾素形态转化在土壤钾肥力提升与评价、钾肥高效施用技术和植物钾素营养调控等方面发挥着重要作用。近些年中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤钾素研究团队在土壤不同钾素形态的区分方法及其含量范围、植物高效利用土壤钾的机制、土壤非交换态钾的释放机制及其影响因素,尤其是土壤非交换态钾的生物有效性评价方法等方面进行了一系列研究。基于强的四苯硼钠法,土壤非交换态钾含量在不同种类的土壤中存在最大值,通过交换和扩散提取的土壤非交换态钾可占土壤全钾的20%~60%。矿物非交换态钾释放主要取决于其他离子含量和环境钾浓度,植物高效吸收非交换态钾也主要取决于根系吸收低浓度钾的能力。证实土壤非交换态钾的形成和释放对土壤保钾能力及土壤钾的生物有效性起重要作用,建立了土壤非交换态钾总量的测定方法、土壤钾素变化测定方法以及土壤有效钾分级测定的方法体系。这些研究结果可为土壤钾素肥力的准确评价、预测和土壤钾素相关研究提供有力的方法手段,并将推动土壤钾素研究由定性、半定量向定量研究方向发展。
The transformation of potassium(K)forms in soil plays an important role in the improvement and evaluation of potassium fertility in soil,efficient fertilization techniques of potassium,and regulation of potassium nutrition in plants.In recent years,the team of studying potassium in soil at Nanjing Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,has carried out a series of studies on the differentiation method and content range of different forms of potassium in soil,the mechanism of efficient utilization of potassium in soil by plants,the release mechanism of non-exchangeable potassium(NEK)in soil and its influencing factors,especially the method of evaluating the bioavailability of non-exchangeable potassium in soil.The content of non-exchangeable potassium in soil had a maximum value in different types of soil based on the results of soil K extraction with a strong sodium tetraphenylboron(NaTPB)method.The non-exchangeable potassium extracted through exchange and diffusion can account for 20%to 60%of the total potassium in the soil.The release of non-exchangeable potassium from minerals mainly depends on the content of other ions and the concentration of potassium in environment,and the efficient absorption of non-exchangeable potassium by plants depends on the ability of root systems to absorb potassium at low concentrations as well.It has been confirmed that the formation and release of non-exchangeable potassium in soil play an important role in the soil holding capacity and bioavailability of potassium in soil.The new methods for measuring the total amount of non-exchangeable potassium in soil,determining changes of potassium in soil,and grading plant-available potassium in soil have been established.It will provide powerful methods and means for accurately evaluating and predicting the potassium fertility in soil,and studies related to soil potassium,which will facilitate the transition of studying potassium in soil with the qualitative and semiquantitative methods to the quantitative methods.
作者
王火焰
周健民
WANG Huoyan;ZHOU Jianmin(Nanjing Institute of Soil Science/State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《华中农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期35-42,共8页
Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1500202)
国家自然科学基金项目(40201027,40971176)
公益性行业项目(201203013)。
关键词
非交换态钾
土壤钾素变化
生物有效性分级
四苯硼钠
测定方法
non-exchangeable potassium(NEK)
changes of potassium in soil
grading of bioavailability
sodium tetraphenylboron(NaTPB)
method for determination
