摘要
本文以清代民间经济纠纷及其治理方式为视角,通过对清代家法族规和州县官判膜的分析,探究清代民间经济纠纷治理中的官民互动及其演变过程,以窥清代基层社会治理转型之端倪。研究表明,家法族规作为清代习惯法的代表,是国家法的补充和延伸,填补了国家法在处理民间纠纷方面的空白。清代中后期开始,家法族规在引导基层自治方面发挥了更为重要的作用。在这一时期的基层司法实践中,官府有意识地将纠纷交由民间自治,宗族以“调处方”、“见证方”和“执行方”的角色发挥了不可替代的作用。亲族关系和民间习俗惯例逐渐成为州县官断案决狱的重要考量因素。本研究为重新审视当前的纠纷解决机制,创新基层社会治理方式提供了历史镜鉴。
This paper explores the interaction between officials and clans in economic disputes resolution in Qing Dynasty through the analysis of clan regula-tions and county officials'judgments,in order to get a glimpse of the transition of local governance in Qing Dynasty.The research shows that:(1)As the repre-sentative of customary law,the clan regulations are the supplement and extension of the national law.From the middle and late Qing Dynasty,clan regulations played a more important role in guiding local autonomy.(2)In the county-level judicial practice of this period,the officials consciously leave disputes resolution to non-governmental forces,and the clans played an irreplaceable role as"me-diator","witness"and"executioner".Kinship as well as folk customs and 66 practices are influencing factors of county officials adjudication.From the aspect of economic disputes resolution,this paper demonstrates that from the middle and late Qing Dynasty,local governance began to change from n"government dominated"to"non-government dominated.This paper also provides a historical mirror for re-examining the current disputes resolution mechanism and innovating the way of local governance.
作者
高原
燕红忠
Gao Yuan;Yan Hongzhong
出处
《中国经济史评论》
2022年第4期23-42,共20页
China Economic History Review
基金
用友基金会第五届“商的长城”重点项目“中国族谱族规资料整理与研究(1368-1949)”(2021-Z10)
上海财经大学研究生创新基金资助项目(CXJJ-2020-354)
上海财经大学经济学院研究生科研创新项目(KYCX-2020-06)阶段性成果。
关键词
宗族
经济纠纷
家法族规
判读
Clans
Economic Disputes
Clan Regulations
County Officials'Judgments
