摘要
目的:研究宁海县6~18岁中小学生营养不良情况的地域差异,以期为相关部门制定营养干预措施提供参考依据。方法:运用分层整群抽样法,按地域抽取2019学年宁海县18个乡镇(街道) 99所中小学共77 580名6~18岁中小学生为研究对象,使用《学龄儿童青少年营养不良筛查》标准对其进行评估,分析在校学生营养不良的地域差异。结果:77 580名学生营养不良检出率为8.91%。其中,城区、沿海和山区学生营养不良检出率分别为7.84%、10.33%和11.48%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=192.55,P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,宁海县中小学生营养不良情况存在明显地域差异,与城区比较,沿海(OR=1.426)和山区(OR=1.528)学生患营养不良的风险更高。另外,年龄增大、男生和患龋齿与学生营养不良情况呈正相关,而血压偏高与学生营养不良情况呈负相关。结论:宁海县中小学生营养不良情况存在明显的地域差异,山区和沿海是学生营养不良患病的重点区域。各地区要因地制宜,做好学生的营养不良防控工作,对于营养不良学生应做到及早发现和治疗,以减少和控制营养不良对学生造成的危害。
OBJECTIVE To study the regional difference of malnutrition among students aged 6 to 18 in Ninghai county.METHODS Using the stratified cluster sampling method,a total of 77580 school students aged 6 to 18 were selected from 99 primary and secondary schools in 18 townships(streets)in Ninghai.The School-age Children and Adolescents Malnutrition Screening standard evaluates the malnutrition of school students in Ninghai county,and it analyzes the regional differences of school students’malnutrition.RESULTS The detection rate of malnutrition among school students in Ninghai county was 8.91%,and the detection rates of malnutrition among students in urban,coastal and mountainous areas were 7.84%,10.33%,and 11.48%,respectively.The difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=192.55,P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that there were significant regional differences in malnutrition among students in Ninghai county.Compared with urban areas,coastal students(OR=1.426)and mountainous areas(OR=1.528)had a higher risk of malnutrition.In addition,older age group,boys and dental caries were positively associated with malnutrition in Ninghai county,while high blood pressure was inversely associated with malnutrition.CONCLUSION There are obvious regional differences in malnutrition in Ninghai county,and mountainous areas and coastal areas are the worst-hit areas.All areas should do a good job in the prevention and control of malnutrition in schools according to local conditions,early detection and treatment,and reduce the harm of malnutrition.
作者
张夕本
金锦燕
孔志芳
章海斌
ZHANG Xi-ben;JIN Jin-yan;KONG zhi-fang;ZHANG Hai-bin(Ninghai County First Hospital Medical and Health Group North Hospital,Ningbo,Zhejiang,315611,China;不详)
出处
《中国初级卫生保健》
2022年第9期106-108,共3页
Chinese Primary Health Care
关键词
地域差异
营养不良
危险因素
中小学生
regional differences
malnutrition
risk factors
school students
