摘要
2019和2020年在河西灌区进行玉米/秣食豆间作田间试验,设置7.5(D_(1))、9.0(D_(2))、10.5万株·hm^(-2)(D_(3))3个青贮玉米种植密度,每个种植密度下设置0(N_(1))、120(N_(2))、240(N_(3))、360 kg·hm^(-2)(N_(4))4个施氮水平,探究种植密度与施氮对饲草产量、品质和氮肥利用的影响。结果表明,两年D_(2)和D_(3)处理的青贮玉米、秣食豆及总体的干草产量、粗蛋白产量显著高于D_(1),N_(3)和N_(4)处理的青贮玉米及总体的干草产量、粗蛋白产量显著高于N_(2)和N_(1)。所有处理中,D_(2)N_(3)获得了最高的总干草产量,2019和2020年分别为36.16和30.31 t·hm^(-2)。两年随着密度的增加,青贮玉米、秣食豆及总体的粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量呈下降趋势,而粗灰分、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量呈增加趋势。随着施氮量的增加,总体粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量增加,而粗灰分、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量呈下降趋势。两年D_(2)处理下总体氮含量、氮吸收量和氮肥利用效率显著高于D_(3),且D_(2)获得较高的氮肥农学效率。N_(2)、N_(3)、N_(4)处理的总体氮含量和氮吸收量显著高于N_(1),N_(3)处理的氮肥农学效率和氮肥利用效率显著高于N_(4)。所有处理中D_(2)N_(3)获得最高的氮肥利用效率,2019和2020年分别为1.41和0.86 kg·kg^(-1)。因此,该处理是一种河西灌区青贮玉米/秣食豆间作系统适宜的田间管理措施,具有一定推广价值。
A field experiment involving maize(Zea mays)/forage soybean(Glycine max)intercropping was conducted in the Hexi irrigation district in 2019 and 2020.Three planting densities of 7.5×10^(4)(D_(1)),9.0×10^(4)(D_(2))and 10.5×10^(4)plant·ha^(-1)(D_(3)),and four nitrogen treatments of 0(N_(1)),120(N_(2)),240(N_(3))and 360 kg·ha^(-1)(N_(4))were set up to explore the effect of planting density and nitrogen application on forage yield,quality and nitrogen utilization.It was found that the hay yield and yield of crude protein of silage maize and forage soybean under the D_(2)and D_(3)treatments were significantly higher than those under the D_(1)treatment,and the hay yield and yield of crude protein of silage maize,and the total hay yield under N_(3) and N_(4) treatments were significantly higher than those under N_(2) and N_(1) treatments.Among all treatments,D_(2)N_(3) had the highest hay yield of 36.16 and 30.31 t·ha^(-1)in 2019 and 2020,respectively.With increase in planting density,the contents of crude protein and crude fat of silage maize and forage soybean,and the total crude protein content and crude fat content showed a downward trend,while the contents of crude ash,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber increased.The total crude protein content and crude fat content increased while the contents of crude ash,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate.The total nitrogen content,nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency of the D_(2)treatment were significantly higher than those of D_(3),and the D_(2) treatment had the highest agronomic efficiency of nitrogen use.The total nitrogen content and nitrogen uptake of N_(2),N_(3) and N_(4) treatments were significantly higher than that of N_(1),and the agronomic efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency of N_(3) treatment were significantly higher than that of N_(4).Among all treatments,D_(2)N_(3)had the highest nitrogen use efficiency,which was 1.41 and 0.86 kg·kg^(-1)in 2019 and 2020,respecti
作者
蒋紫薇
刘桂宇
安昊云
石薇
常生华
张程
贾倩民
侯扶江
JIANG Zi-wei;LIU Gui-yu;AN Hao-yun;SHI Wei;CHANG Sheng-hua;ZHANG Cheng;JIA Qian-min;HOU Fu-jiang(State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems,Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry,Ministry of Education,College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China)
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第7期157-171,共15页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(31901389)
兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(lzujbky-2019-33),兰州大学“双一流”引导专项-队伍建设-科研启动费(561119204)
2018年度甘肃省科技重大专项计划项目(18ZD2FA009)资助。
关键词
种植密度
施氮
青贮玉米
秣食豆
氮肥利用效率
planting density
nitrogen application
silage corn
forage soybean
nitrogen use efficiency
