摘要
目的了解北京市通州区中小学生奶及奶制品摄入情况,并分析影响因素,为开展中小学生奶及奶制品摄入干预提供参考。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取通州区城区和乡镇小学三~六年级、初中一~三年级和高中一~三年级各1个班级的学生为调查对象;通过问卷调查收集学生及其家庭的基本情况,调查前1周奶及奶制品摄入情况;参考《中国居民膳食指南(2016)》,以每日平均摄入量≥300 g为达标,分析中小学生奶及奶制品摄入量达标情况,并采用Logistic回归模型分析其影响因素。结果发放问卷804份,回收有效问卷771份,回收有效率为95.90%。调查小学生321人,占41.63%;初中学生228人,占29.57%;高中学生222人,占28.80%。调查前1周奶及奶制品摄入率为90.92%,不良反应率为10.12%。每日摄入率为36.71%。每日平均摄入量中位数为214.29 g,每日平均摄入量达标率为28.02%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,学段(小学,OR=1.672,95%CI:1.102~2.535;初中,OR=2.086,95%CI:1.349~3.225)、体质指数(超重,OR=1.747,95%CI:1.131~2.700;肥胖,OR=2.469,95%CI:1.698~3.591)和父母文化程度(本科及以上,OR=1.760,95%CI:1.022~3.029)是中小学生奶及奶制品每日平均摄入量达标的影响因素。结论通州区中小学生奶及奶制品每日平均摄入量未达到《中国居民膳食指南(2016)》推荐标准,学段、体质指数和父母文化程度是中小学生奶及奶制品每日平均摄入量达标的影响因素。
ObjectiveTo understand the current situation and influencing factors of milk and dairy intake among primary and middle school students in Tongzhou District, Beijing, so as to provide the reference for the intervention of milk and dairy intake among primary and middle school students.MethodsThe stratified cluster sampling method was used to randomly select the students from the third to sixth grades of primary school, three grades of junior middle school and three grades of senior high school from downtown and township of Tongzhou District as the survey objects. The demographic information, family data, and milk and dairy intake of a week before were collected. Taking the average daily intake of 300 g milk and dairy as the standard(the Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2016), the multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for reaching the standard of average daily milk and dairy intake among the students.ResultsA total of 804 questionnaires were sent out, and 771 valid questionnaires were received, with a recovery rate of 95.90%. There were 321 primary school students, accounting for 41.63%;228 junior high school students, accounting for 29.57%;and 222 high school students, accounting for 28.80%. The intake rate of milk and dairy products was 90.92%, and the adverse reaction rate was 10.12%. The daily intake rate was 36.71%.The median daily intake was 214.29 g, and the rate of average daily intake reaching the standard was 28.02%. The multivariate logistic regression results showed that primary school students( OR=1.672, 95%CI: 1.102-2.535), middle school students( OR=2.086, 95%CI: 1.349-3.225), overweight( OR=1.747, 95%CI: 1.131-2.700), obesity( OR=2.469,95%CI: 1.698-3.591), and parents with bachelor’s degree or above( OR=1.760, 95%CI: 1.022-3.029) were the influencing factors for reaching the standard of average daily milk and dairy intake among the students.ConclusionsThe average daily intake of milk and dairy products of primary and middle school students in Tongzhou District
作者
黄春宇
刘波
江南
HUANG Chunyu;LIU Bo;JIANG Nan(Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,Tongzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 101100,China)
出处
《预防医学》
2021年第11期1100-1104,共5页
CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL
关键词
中小学生
奶
奶制品
膳食调查
primary and middle school students
milk
dairy products
diet survey
