摘要
近年来,宿主与肠道微生物的相互作用成为人们关注的焦点,这种复杂的相互作用对维持正常生理活动是必要的。但菌群失调也可能导致多种疾病,越来越多的证据表明慢性肾病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)患者肠道中的微生物组与宿主的病理生理状态相关。“肠-肾轴”理论的提出很好地解释了肠道菌群与慢性肾病之间的双向交流,一方面肾脏功能受损导致肠道菌群失调;另一方面改变的肠道菌群通过损伤肠黏膜屏障,使有害菌透过肠屏障入血,诱发慢性炎症,从而加速肾脏损伤。另外失调的肠道菌群代谢产物中肾毒性代谢物的增加也是“肠-肾轴”加重肾病的机制之一,其中对甲酚硫酸盐、硫酸吲哚酚和氧化三甲胺这3类微生物代谢物是研究最为广泛的肾毒性代谢物,它们的肾脏毒性已在基础和临床研究中得到广泛证实。目前研究表明,肠道菌群-代谢物网络同慢性肾病发生发展密切相关,通过干预肠道菌群有可能为慢性肾病的预防和治疗提供一条全新途径。
In recent years the interaction between host and gut microbiota has attracted increasing attention.However,intestinal flora dysbiosis may lead to many diseases,and there is increasing evidence that the intestinal microbiota in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD)is associated with the pathophysiological status of the host."Gut-kidney axis"provides a better explanation of the two-way communication between intestinal flora and CKD.Impaired kidney function leads to dysbiosis of intestinal flora and an altered intestinal flora can damage the intestinal mucosal barrier and facilitate the entry into the bloodstream of harmful bacteria,which can induce chronic inflammation and thus accelerate renal injury.In addition,the accumulation of nephrotoxic metabolites from an altered intestinal flora can aggravate CKD in the"gut-kidney axis".Among them,p-cresol sulfate,indoxyl sulfate and trimethylamine oxide are the most widely studied metabolites of nephrotoxicity,and their renal toxicity has been widely confirmed in basic research and clinical studies.Current studies show that the intestinal microbiotametabolite network is closely related to the occurrence and development of chronic kidney disease.Thus,intervention in the intestinal microbiota may provide a new approach to the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease.
作者
李昭君
陈晓光
张森
LI Zhao-jun;CHEN Xiao-guang;ZHANG Sen(Institute of Materia Medica,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100050,China)
出处
《药学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第12期2777-2784,共8页
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica
基金
中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程(2016-I2M-3-011).
关键词
肠道菌群
慢性肾病
肠道菌代谢物
肠肾轴
gut microbiota
chronic kidney disease
metabolite
gut-kidney axis
