摘要
【目的】研究棉花种子吸胀萌发期对低温胁迫的响应,多指标鉴定和综合评价萌发期供试品种(系)耐冷性,分析耐冷材料和冷敏感材料萌发期的生理生化特性,为进一步解析棉花耐冷性机理提供依据。【方法】以53份陆地棉品种(系)为试验材料,测定其在种子吸胀阶段的低温吸胀速率和低温相对吸胀速率,以及低温胁迫下萌发期的发芽指数、活力指数、平均发芽时间、平均发芽速度、发芽势、发芽率、萌发指数、芽鲜重、芽干重、胚鲜重、胚干重、物质效率和物质增长率等指标。利用相关分析、主成分分析、隶属函数分析和聚类分析等方法对吸胀萌发期的15项形态指标进行耐冷性综合评价。同时测定低温胁迫下不同耐冷性材料的抗氧化物酶活性、渗透调节物质浓度的变化以及抗氧化物酶基因的表达规律。【结果】低温胁迫下,棉花种子萌发期的相对吸水量和吸水速率呈下降趋势,53份材料萌发期的各个指标均呈现显著差异。相关分析表明,吸胀阶段的两项指标相关性较强,它们与萌发阶段指标间的相关性不显著或负相关;芽鲜重、芽干重、活力指数、平均发芽速度和平均发芽时间能较好地反映各个材料萌发期的耐冷性强弱。主成分分析表明,15项耐冷指标通过简化可得到3个主成分,其贡献率分别为55.17%、18.27%和8.79%。隶属函数和聚类分析结果表明,53份材料根据萌发期耐冷综合评价指标可划分为4类:强耐冷(5份)、耐冷(13份)、不耐冷(26份)和冷敏感(9份),其中新陆中4号为耐冷性最强的材料。耐冷材料种胚内的SOD、POD和CAT酶活性能够在短时间内恢复至接近对照水平或超过对照,可溶性蛋白浓度始终显著高于冷敏感材料。抗氧化物酶基因的表达分析表明,POD酶基因和SOD酶基因的表达量变化与酶活力测定值变化结果基本一致。【结论】陆地棉萌发期鉴定指标呈多
【Objective】In this study,the purpose was to study the response of cotton seeds to chilling stress,and to identify the chilling tolerance of different test varieties during the germination period in Gossypium hirsutum.We were also committed to analyzing the cold-tolerance characteristics of tolerant and sensitive varieties at the physiological levels,and to provide a reference for further research on the molecular mechanism of cold tolerance during the germination period.【Method】Fifty-three upland cotton varieties were used to determine the imbibition rate and relative imbibition rate under chilling stress.In addition,we also measured the cold tolerance indexes such as germination index,vigor index,mean germination time,average germination speed,germination potential,germination rate,seed germination coefficient,radicle fresh weigh,radicle dry weight,embryo fresh weight,embryo dry weight,productive efficiency and material growth rate under chilling stress.We used correlation analysis,principal component analysis,membership function analysis and cluster analysis to comprehensively evaluate the 15 morphological indexes in the imbibition and germination stage.We also measured the changes in antioxidant enzyme activities,osmotic adjustment substance concentration and the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes between different cold-tolerant varieties under chilling stress.【Result】Under chilling stress,the relative water absorption and water absorption rate of cotton seeds showed a downward trend,and the cold tolerance indexes of 53 cotton varieties showed significant differences.There was a strong correlation between imbibition rate and relative imbibition rate during the imbibition stage,and their correlations with other germination indicators were not significant or negatively correlated.In addition,the correlation analysis also found that indicators such as radicle fresh or dry weigh,vigor index,average germination speed and mean germination time could better reflect the cold tolerance of different vari
作者
张陇艳
程功敏
魏恒玲
王寒涛
芦建华
马峙英
喻树迅
ZHANG LongYan;CHENG GongMin;WEI HengLing;WANG HanTao;LU JianHua;MA ZhiYing;YU ShuXun(Hebei Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation,Baoding 071001,Hebei;Institute of Cotton Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology,Anyang 455000,Henan)
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期19-33,I0001-I0003,共18页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(Y2018YJ05)。
关键词
棉花
萌发期
耐冷性
综合评价
生理特性
Gossypium hirsutum L.
germinating stage
chilling tolerance
comprehensive evaluation
physiological characteristics
