摘要
工贸行业有限空间作业中毒事故频发,造成了重大的人员伤亡和财产损失。分析导致有限空间作业中毒事故发生的风险因素,可实现有针对性的风险管控并能有效地降低事故的发生率。结合有限空间作业事故案例以及相关国家标准、文献,选取了30个影响有限空间作业中毒事故的风险因素,邀请专家通过德尔菲法最终确定了16个主要风险因素,并将其分为人员因素、管理因素、设备因素、有限空间自身因素4个层面;通过分析风险因素间的相互关系,建立邻接矩阵,并引入解释结构模型(ISM)理论计算生成可达矩阵,再通过集合运算对风险因素进行层次化分析,从而构建解释结构模型(ISM);根据ISM将风险因素划分为直接影响因素、间接影响因素和根本影响因素,并针对根本影响因素提出了具体的风险管控措施,用来降低事故的发生率,为企业进行有限空间作业风险管控提供依据。
In recent years,in the industrial and trade industry poisoning accidents in limited space operation occur frequently,resulting in severe casualties and property loss.This paper analyses the factors that lead to accidents in order to achieve targeted control and reduce the risk of accidents effectively.The paper selects 30 risk factors according to the limited space accident cases and relevant national standards and literature,and then experts are invited to identify 16 main factors through the Delphi method which are divided into four parts:personnel factor,management factor,equipment factor and limited space factor.By analyzing the relationship between factors,the paper establishes the adjacency matrix.At the same time,by introducing the theory of interpretive structural model,the paper calculates and generates the reachable matrix.Then,by analyzing the hierarchy of risk factors by set operation,the paper constructs the ISM.According to the model,the paper divides the risk factors into direct,indirect and fundamental factors.Finally,the paper puts forward specific risk control measures for the fundamental risk factors to reduce the occurence of accidents and provide basis for enterprises to carry out limited space risk control.
作者
宋思雨
徐克
张贝
梁天瑞
SONG Siyu;XU Ke;ZHANG Bei;LIANG Tianrui(Faculty of Engineering,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;Science and Technology Department,Hubei Safety Production Supervision and Management Bureau,Wuhan 430061,China)
出处
《安全与环境工程》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第2期140-144,共5页
Safety and Environmental Engineering
基金
国家安全监管总局安全生产重特大事故防治关键技术科技项目(hubei0002-2017AQ)
关键词
有限空间
解释结构模型(ISM)
中毒事故风险分析
风险管控
工贸行业
limited space
Interpretative Structural Modeling(ISM)
poisoning accident
risk analysis
risk control
industry and trade industry
