摘要
本研究旨在评价禾草源同型发酵和/或异型发酵乳酸菌发酵对无芒雀麦青贮有氧稳定性的作用效果。将从禾本科牧草上分离筛选出的2株同型发酵植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)和蒙氏肠球菌(Enterococcus mundtti)及1株异型发酵布氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus buchneri)制成发酵剂。选用开花期无芒雀麦,刈割切段至2~3 cm,根据所喷发酵剂菌株的不同,分为4个处理:1)对照处理(con处理),喷洒无菌去离子水;2)异型发酵处理(he处理),喷洒布氏乳杆菌液;3)同型发酵处理(ho处理),喷洒植物乳杆菌和蒙氏肠球菌混合液(2种菌1∶1混合);4)同型发酵+异型发酵处理(he+ho处理),喷洒布氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌和蒙氏肠球菌混合液(3种菌1∶1∶1混合)。各处理喷洒量均为10 m L/kg鲜牧草,喷洒总菌数约为5×105CFU/g鲜牧草,每个处理设5个重复。实验室常温发酵60 d后开封,通过测定无芒雀麦青贮营养成分、菌群数量及中心温度变化评价其有氧稳定性。结果显示:经60 d青贮发酵后,4个处理的p H均较青贮前显著降低(P<0.05),所有处理发酵效果均较好(p H≤4.3),尤以ho处理效果最优。而在有氧暴露试验期间,con和ho处理的p H迅速增加,至第8天时达到7以上;he+ho处理p H增加幅度略低于con和ho处理,其p H至第8天时为6.3,显著低于con和ho处理(P<0.05);he处理p H增加非常缓慢,至第8天时仅为4.4,显著低于其他处理(P<0.05)。经60 d青贮发酵后,可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量以ho处理最高,显著高于其他处理(P<0.05);con处理最低,显著低于其他处理(P<0.05)。而在有氧暴露试验期间,WSC含量在ho处理中迅速降低,在he处理中缓慢降低;至第8天时,WSC含量以he处理最高,he+ho处理显著低于前者(P<0.05),而con和ho处理则显著低于he和he+ho处理(P<0.05)。青贮发酵后霉菌数量明显受到抑制,且以单独添加异型发酵乳酸菌和混合添加同型发酵和异型发酵乳酸菌时抑制效果较�
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the action effect of homofermentative and/or heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria from grass on aerobic stability of Bromus inermis Leyss.silage.Two homofermentative lactic acid bacteria（ LAB）（ a strain of Lactobacillus plantarum and a strain of Enterococcus mundtti） and a heterofermentative LAB（ a strain of Lactobacillus buchneri） from grass were selected and were used to prepare fermentation agents.Bromus inermis Leyss.was harvested at the flowering stage,chopped to 2 to3 cm lengths and treated with fermentation agents.Based on the bacteria type,four treatments were designed：1） control treatment（ con treatment）,which was sprayed with sterile deionized water; 2） heterofermentative treatment（ he treatment）,which was sprayed with Lactobacillus buchneri liquid; 3） homofermentative treatment（ ho treatment）,which was sprayed with a mixed liquid of Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus mundtti（1∶ 1）; 4） heterofermentative ＋ homofermentative treatment（ he ＋ ho treatment）,which was sprayed with a mixed liquid of Lactobacillus plantarum,Enterococcus mundtti and Lactobacillus buchneri（ 1∶ 1∶ 1）.The spraying dose of each treatment was 10 m L/kg fresh forage,and the total bacteria count was about 5 ×105CFU/g fresh forage.Each treatment had five replicates.After ensiling 60 days under lab condition,the aerobic stability of Bromus inermis Leyss.silage was evaluated by testing nutrient contents,microbial number and core temperature change.The results showed as follows： at the end of ensiling period（60 days）,the p H of four treatments was significantly decreased compared with before silage（ P〈0.05）,all treatments silage had a good fermentation quality（ p H≤4.3） and especially ho treatment was the best.W hen exposed to air,the p H of con and ho treatments increased rapidly,and reached up to 7 on the 8 th day of aerobic exposure; the increasing extent of p H of he ＋ ho treatment was slightly lower than that
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第4期1301-1311,共11页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国农业科学院草原研究所1610332015023)
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD13B07)
关键词
无芒雀麦
同型发酵乳酸菌
异型发酵乳酸菌
青贮
有氧稳定性
Bromus inermis Leyss
homofermentative lactic acid bacteria
heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria
silage
aerobic stability
