摘要
稻鸭共作生态技术是将雏鸭全天候放入稻田,利用鸭子不间断的活动来刺激水稻生长、促进物质循环和改善稻田环境,构建了种养结合、节本增效、物质循环的优质安全农产品生产的农作模式,笔者综述了稻鸭共作技术对水稻的物质积累、壮秆效应、根系活力、病虫草害控制及生物多样性、土壤理化性质、稻田甲烷排放及控氮截流的影响,阐述了近年来稻鸭共作生态农业实施中投放绿萍、一稻两鸭、零日龄放鸭、沼稻鸭循环及防虫网全程覆盖等成功实践的种养模式,指出了稻鸭共作生态农业发展中亟待解决的问题,为稻鸭共作农作系统的技术理论和实践发展提供借鉴。
Rice-duck farming ecological technology is to leave the ducklings in the paddies all day long, tostimulate the growth of rice, promote the material circulation and improve paddy environment by using ducks＇ continuous activities. As a result, a new farming mode was built, which combined planting and feedingtogether, reduced cost and increased efficiency and promoted the matter cycle. The authors reviewed theimpacts of integrated rice- duck farming technology on matter accumulation of rice, strong stem effect, rootactivity, injurious insects and weeds controlling, biological diversity, soil physical- chemical properties,methane emission and controlling nitrogen loss, and elaborated the successful planting and feeding modepractices of the integrated rice-duck farming ecological implementation such as the release of duckweed, rice-duck farming system with two-batch-duck raising, the release of ducks aged zero day, methane-rice-duckcycling, insect-proof screen mulching and so on. The authors also pointed out the problems that to be solved inintegrated rice-duck farming ecological agricultural development, and the study could provide references forthe technological theories and practice development of integrated duck-rice farming system.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2015年第29期90-96,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
中央财政农业技术推广项目"优质食味粳稻全程机械化配套技术集成与应用"(TG[14]027
TG[14]013)
江苏省科技支撑重大项目"稻田生态种养复合系统物质能量大循环技术模式集成创新与应用"(BE2013355)
江苏省农业科技自主创新项目"沼稻鸭生态种养高效循环技术集成与示范"(CX[14]4072)
江苏省农业三新工程项目"优质食味水稻-沼肥-鸭子立体高效种养模式的技术集成与示范应用"(SXGC[2015]112)
关键词
稻鸭共作
生态效应
种养模式
rice-duck farming
ecological effects
planting-feeding mode
