摘要
冰盖的形成和发展取决于水力条件、上游来冰的数量和类型,上游水力条件不同,冰盖的长度、厚度及形态特征各异。冰盖的形成又会影响上游的水力特性和过流能力。通过室内模型试验,研究了不同冰盖特征对上游水位及水闸流量系数的影响,同时讨论了上游水力条件对冰盖长度、厚度及堆积形态的影响,指出了有冰块通过闸门和无冰块通过闸门时冰盖特征的差异。以临界弗汝徳数Fr、闸门开度和上游水深比值e/H及冰块的弗汝徳数Fb作为判别不同冰盖形态下有无冰块通过闸门的依据。对指导北方地区冬季渠道的安全取水有一定的指导意义。
The formation and progression of an ice cover depend on the channel flow conditions and the incoming amount and type of ice, the ice jam length, thickness and shape character are different under different flow conditions. At the same time, the upstream flow characteristics may be affected by different ice iams. In this paper, the upstream water depth and discharge coefficient of sluice gate are studied under different ice cover types by model tests. The ice cover length, thickness and shape are extremely different when the ice block passes through sluice gate or not. The critical Froude number Fr, the ratio between gate opening and water depth e/H and the Froude number of ice block Fb are defined as the criteria of ice passing through sluice gate or not.. It is very useful for guiding the safe operation of channel during winter time in cold regions.
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2013年第1期111-114,共4页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2011MS0725)
关键词
冰盖
水力条件
模型试验
弗汝徳数
渠道
ice cover
flow condition
model test
Froude Number
channel
