摘要
利用2008年5月至2009年2月在东海和黄海南部4个航次大面调查所获得的细条天竺鲷(Apogonlineatus)样本,采用胃含物分析法,对其食物组成、摄食强度、食物多样性、营养级及其季节与体长变化进行了研究。结果显示,太平洋磷虾(Euphausia pacifica)和细鳌虾(Leptochela gracilis)是细条天竺鲷最主要的食物种类,它们的食物相对重要性指数百分比分别为46.08和37.46,质量百分比分别为17.90和21.98,个数百分比分别为27.80和12.80。磷虾、十足类、端足类、鱼类和糠虾是其重要的食物类群。不同季节和体长组食物类群的个数百分比及相对重要性指数百分比的差异均极显著,食物种类组成和优势种的替代也非常明显。细条天竺鲷的总空胃率14.01%,胃饱满系数最高76.69‰,平均11.26‰。胃饱满系数的季节差异极显著,而体长变化不显著。食物的多样性指数和均匀度春夏秋冬逐次提高。不同体长组的多样性指数以41～50 mm体长组最高,然后逐次降低;均匀度则呈现出先随个体的生长而降低,至体长61～70 mm后趋于稳定的状况。细条天竺鲷的营养级3.39级,春夏秋冬分别为3.31、3.59、3.39和3.33级。研究表明,细条天竺鲷属次级消费层的低级肉食性动物,以食浮游动物为主,兼食部分游泳动物;对食物有一定的选择性,主要食物优势度集中;食性随季节和体长的变动而变化显著。
Based on the fishing samples from 4 cruise survey data of the East China Sea and southern Yellow Sea from May 2008 to Feb. 2009, the diet composition, feeding intensity, diversity index and trophic level of Apogon lineatus were investigated lay stomach content analysis. The results showed that the important food species of A. lineatus were Euphausia pacifica and Leptochela gracilis, whose index of relative importance （ % IRI） was 46.08 and 37.46, quality percentage was 17.90% and 21.98% and individual percentage was 27.80% and 12.80%, respectively. Euphausiacea, Decapod, Amphipoda, Pisces and Mysidacea were the most important prey groups. There were highly significant differences （ P 〈 0.01 ） for individual percentageand % IRI of prey groups in different seasons and body classes, and the diet composition and dominant species replacement was very obvious. The total empty stomach rate of A. lineatus was 14.01%, and the stomach fullness index was 76.69‰ and the mean was 11.26‰. Significant seasonal differences （P 〈 0.01 ） were observed in the stomach fullness index, but not in the body class. The diversity index （H＇） of diet and evenness value （J＇） of diet took on the increase trend from spring to winter. The H＇ was the highest in the body length group of 41 -50 mm, then decreased gradually. The J＇ presented decrease trend with the body growth at first, then stayed steady when the body length reached 61 -70 ram. The trophic level of A. lineatus was 3.39, which was 3.31, 3.59, 3.39 and 3.33 in four seasons of one year, respectively. It can be concluded that A. lineatus belonged to low-grade carnivorous animals, feeding on zooplankton as main food and part of swimming animals. As for the feeding selectivity, the major food dominance of A. lineatus was concentrated. The feeding habit variation of A. lineatus was closely related with its body length and season change.
出处
《海洋渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第4期361-370,共10页
Marine Fisheries
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD43B01)
浙江省科技厅公共服务项目(2011F30001,2012F30015)
关键词
细条天竺鲷
食物组成
摄食强度
营养级
东海和黄海南部
Apogon lineatus
diet composition
feeding intensity
trophic level
East China Sea and southern Yellow Sea
