摘要
【目的】阐明中国不同稻作类型CH4排放的区域特征以及稻田CH4排放与环境因子和水肥管理的定量关系。【方法】通过文献调研,获得1987—2011年中国稻田CH4排放观测的有效文献111篇,含生长季CH4排放总量或平均排放通量的有效观测数据495组,涵盖67个观测点。采用方差分析、相关分析和逐步回归方法对上述观测数据进行分析。【结果】中国单季稻、双季早稻和晚稻田的CH4季节排放总量(均值±标准误差)分别为(383.5±31.1)、(234.3±16.8)和(361.8±25.0)kg.hm-2。西南单季稻区CH4排放分别是华北、华中和东北单季稻区的2.3、2.2和4.3倍;华中早、晚稻区的CH4排放分别是两广早、晚稻区的2.6和1.9倍。稻田CH4排放与有机肥施用量呈正相关,与化肥氮施用量及土壤pH呈负相关;单季稻区CH4排放随纬度升高和经度增加而降低,双季稻区CH4排放则随纬度升高而增加;单季稻区CH4排放随土壤全氮含量的增加而降低,但晚稻区则反之。综合影响中国单季稻田CH4排放的因子为纬度、土壤C/N比、砂粒含量、水分管理方式、有机肥和化肥氮施用量,这6个因子的变化可解释CH4排放空间变异的72%;早稻田CH4排放空间变异的35%可由土壤C/N比、砂粒含量、移栽-抽穗期平均温度、水分管理和有机肥施用量等5个因子的变化得以解释;纬度、土壤C/N比、黏粒含量、pH值、全生育期平均温度和有机肥施用量等6个因子可解释中国晚稻田CH4排放空间变异的47%。【结论】中国稻田单位面积CH4排放量总体为单季稻>晚稻>早稻,但单季稻与晚稻田的CH4排放无显著差异。西南单季稻区的CH4排放显著高于其它单季稻区,华中双季稻区的CH4排放显著高于两广稻区。由环境和水肥管理因子决定的多元统计模型能较好地解释中国稻田CH4排放的空间变异,单季稻CH4排放模型的可解释性优于双季稻。
[Objective] The objectives of this study are to address the spatial characteristics of methane （CH4） emission from rice fields in China and to quantify the relationship between CH4 emission and driving factors associated with environment and field management in different rice cropping systems based on the data extracted from published papers. [Method] By searching literature databases, 111 articles published since 1987 were obtained that related to the field measurements of CH4 emission in different regions. A total of 495 datasets of the seasonal amount of CH4 emission or the mean flux of CH4 emission over a growing season measured at 67 sites were extracted from these articles. ANOVA, correlation analysis and stepwise regression were used to investigate the spatial characteristics of CH4 emission and driving factors. [ Result] The mean and standard error of CH4 emission from single rice, early-rice and late-rice cropping system were （383.5±31.1）, （234.3±16.80） and （361.8±25.0） kg·hm2, respectively. Methane emission from the single rice in southwest China was the highest, approximately being 1.3, 1.2 and 3.3 times higher than those from north, central and northeast China. In double rice cropping system, CH4 emission from the early- and the late-rice in central China was approximately 160% and 90% higher than those in south China （Guangxi and Guangdong Provinces）. There is a significant positive correlation between CH4 emission and the input of organic carbon, while CH4 emission was found to be negatively correlated with the rate of synthetic nitrogen application and soil pH. CH4 emission from the single rice system declined with increasing latitude, longitude and soil total nitrogen. By contrast, CH4 emission increased from south to north in the double rice cropping system, and increased with soil total nitrogen in the late-rice system. The spatial variability in seasonal amount of CH4 emission for the single rice can be well quantitatively described by a linear combination of six variabl
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第17期3531-3540,共10页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05020200)
关键词
稻田
区域
甲烷排放
影响因素
统计分析
rice field
region
CH4 emission
driving factors
statistical analysis
