摘要
针对目前我国非常规突发事件应急响应过程中存在组织成员职责不明、关系不顺,难以实现快速联动和协同配合的问题,依据我国应急管理规章制度,以开放理性系统视角分析应急指挥组织结构(ECOS)的特点,基于组织理论提出契合行政级别的、具有闭环反馈的ECOS。以2010年夏三峡区域遭遇长江流域全流域性洪水为背景,基于提出的组织结构对三峡水库防洪应急指挥组织进行规范设置。研究结果表明,ECOS中各级政府应急部门采用官僚结构,现场指挥部采用项目小组结构,会商小组采用任务小组结构,整体构成矩阵结构。在稳定、理性、规范、高效的基础上,更具弹性和灵活性。这种刚性和柔性复合的、有层次和权威的、开放和权变的ECOS更适合我国国情以应对非常规突发事件。
Aiming to the problem that unclear responsibilities and incoherent relationships among members with different organization structure hinder rapid joint action and collaboration in emergency response process,the characteristics of ECOS under extreme events are first extracted from emergency-related regulations from the perspective of open and rational systems.And then a closed-loop ECOS corresponding with administrative level is presented based on organization theory.In the end,with Three Gorges suffered whole basin-wide flood of Yangtze River in 2010 as the background,the emergency command organization in Three Gorges flood control is designed based on ECOS.The results show that the whole ECOS based on matrix structure consists of three components： emergency response sections at each administrative level based on bureaucratic structure,area commands based on project team structure and consultation groups based on task force structure.It has flexibility apart from stability,rationality,regulatory and efficiency.Emergency organization structure with a combination of rigidity,flexibility,hierarchy,authority,openness and contingency is more suited to China＇s national conditions and can create more effective emergency responses to extreme events.
出处
《中国安全科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第7期163-170,共8页
China Safety Science Journal
基金
国家自然科学基金重大项目资助(90924301)
国家自然科学基金集成平台项目资助(91024032)
关键词
非常规突发事件
应急指挥组织结构(ECOS)
开放理性系统
组织理论
三峡防洪
unconventional emergencies
emergency command organization structure（ECOS）
open and rational systems
organization theory
Three Gorges flood control
