摘要
土壤-植被-大气传输(SVAT)模型对于研究大气水、植物水、地表水、土壤水和地下水的相互作用和相互关系、植物耗水过程与生态需水规律、生态系统与局地气候的反馈机制、土壤水分与植被的相互作用机制,以及生态环境的恢复与重建具有十分重要作用。SVAT模型经过"水桶"模型、生物物理学模型以及生物化学模型3个阶段约半个世纪的发展,已由最初的单层模型发展到双层模型、多层模型,取得了很大的进展。该文总结了SVAT模型主要水热过程的参数化方案,模型的应用研究、比较以及参数化方案的改进,并提出下垫面不均匀性、模型的简化、模型的全面性、模型的验证和比较等亟待进一步改进和完善的问题。
It is very important for soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer models （SVAT model） to study the interaction and relationship among precipitation, vegetation water storage, surface water, soil water, and ground water, the process of vegetation water consumption and the regulation of ecological water demand, the feedback mechanism between ecosystem and local climate, the mechanism of reciprocity between vegetation and soil water, and the restoration and rehabilitation of ecological environment. SVAT models have been improved from single canopy models to double canopies or multiple canopies models through 3 stages development of bucket model, biophysics model and biochemistry model for about 50 years. The experts abroad and home have made many kinds of SVAT models based on a great deal of experiments and this models were verified, evaluated and modified in many regions all over the world. This paper summarized the parameterization schemes for main water and heat process, application, researches, comparison, and improvement in parameterization schemes of SVAT models, and put forward some problems to improve and perfect existing SVAT models, mainly including the offsetting of Underlying Surface, the simplification, validation, and comparison about SVAT models.
出处
《中国水土保持科学》
CSCD
2008年第2期113-120,共8页
Science of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金“黄土区土壤干化机理及量化指标研究”(40501031)
西北农林科技大学2007“青年学术骨干支持计划”
中国科学院“百人计划”项目“黄土坡面人工林草系统中水分、养分运移动力学模拟”(2004109)
关键词
SVAT模型
土壤-植被-大气系统
陆面过程参数化
陆气耦合传输
SVAT model
soil-vegetation-atmosphere system
parameterization of land surface process
coupled land-atmosphere transfer
