摘要
分析武川地区水田土壤水分周年变化,其主要特征:1、春季融冻阶段,土壤储水量是全年最多季节之一,尤其土壤表层,通过冻融缓慢上移蒸发活动,还高于其它季节土壤储水量,有利春种;2、冬季封冻阶段,时间长达五个月,土壤储水相当稳定,日均蒸发失水只有 0.09mm,有利于发挥秋季储水春用的作用;3、农田土壤有效水少.0～1m 土层折算,比其它地区中壤土、轻壤土持有量低60～110mm,比春小麦需水量少200mm,根据以上特点,农业生产中可以采取:(1)广辟农家肥,改变土壤结构,提高土壤持水能力;(2) 种植“雨作同步”作物,提高降水的利用率;(3)提高地温,加强对1m 以下深层土壤水分利用。
This Paper deals with the annual vairation of soil water in farmlands in Wuchuanarea, the principal behaviors of which are as follows: 1. The thawing period in spring isone of the seasons during which much more water is stored in soils, particularly water insurface layer is much higher than that stored in soils in other seasons through the evapo-ration activities by the upward movement of slow thawing process, which is favourablefor spring sowing, 2. The frozen period in winter lasts 5 months so that water stored insoils is rather stable, with daily evaporation loss of 0.09mm, which is favourable for wat-er stored in the autumn to be used in spring; and 3. The available soil water in 0-1 mdeep layer is 60-110 mm lower than that in the medium loam and light loam, which is200 mm less than that required by spring wheat. Based on the above soil water behaviors,the following measures should be addpted in agricultural production: 1. farm manureshould be widely applied so as to improve soil structure and field water-holdingcapacity; 2. two kinds of crops should be planted synchronously so as to raise rainfallwater use efficiency; and 3. soil temparature must be raised, and the utilization of soilwater under one meter layer should be strengthened.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
1990年第4期14-19,共6页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
关键词
土壤水分
农田
半干旱区
dryland farming
bu1k density of soil
soil moisture
soil moisture behaviors
