摘要
矿区植被重建是矿区废弃地修复的常用方法,为筛选出适应于采矿废弃地生长的植物品种,研究引进长势一致的13个品种杜鹃花在兰坪铅锌采矿废弃地开展野外小区试验,分析其生长状况、叶片形态、根际土壤养分与植株重金属含量差异,并以熵值法综合评价其生态适应性.结果表明:(1)杜鹃花的生长状况存在明显品种差异,13个品种中,叶片厚度、叶绿素含量以盛春3号、映山红较大,其叶绿素含量分别比最低含量(淡妆)高56.25%、92.5%;生物量地上部增长率以羊踯躅、石岩杜鹃较大,盛春3号、仙鹤的地下部增长率分别为最低增长率(红阳)的27.7、22.5倍.(2)不同品种杜鹃花的重金属全量和累积量均表现为地上部大于地下部,其地上部Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn累积量分别为是地下部的2.0、4.0、1.8、4.0倍;重金属含量高的杜鹃品种其根际土壤的有效态重金属含量也较高,其中仙鹤的地上部Cd、Pb、Zn含量分别比平均值高54.9%、152.6%、110.9%,其有效态Cd、Pb、Zn含量分别比平均值高112.4%、31.78%、109.1%.(3)生态适应性综合评价发现,13个品种杜鹃花的生态适应性综合得分范围为0.29-0.48,其中盛春3号的综合评分最高,羊踯躅、红运来、卧龙1号、石岩杜鹃的综合评分均超过0.4.因此,盛春3号的生长适应性最好,可用做铅锌矿区采矿废弃地植被重建的首选品种.(图9表1参48)
Reconstructing vegetation in previously mined areas is a common method of restoring mine waste sites.To select suitable plants to improve vegetation growth in mining waste sites,13 varieties of Rhododendron with similar growth were introduced to conduct field community experiments in the Lanping lead-zinc mining wasteland.Growth,leaf morphology,nutrient properties of the rhizosphere soil,and heavy metal content of Rhododendron were analyzed.Their ecological adaptability was comprehensively evaluated using the entropy method.The results were as follows:(1)The growth of the different varieties showed notable differences.Among the 13 varieties,leaf thickness and chlorophyll content were higher in Rhododendron Shengchun 3 and Rhododendron simsii Planch;their chlorophyll content was 56.25%and 92.5%higher than that of the variety with the lowest content(Rhododendron Danzhuang),respectively.The aboveground biomass growth rates were higher for Rhododendron molle(Blume)G.Don and Rhododendron obtussum(Limdl.)Planch and the underground biomass growth rates of Rhododendron Shengchun 3 and Rhododendron Xianhe were 27.7 and 22.5 times higher than that of the species with the lowest rate(Rhododendron Hongyang),respectively.(2)The heavy metal content and accumulation in the aboveground parts of the different varieties were higher than those in the belowground parts.The accumulation of Cd,Pb,Cu,and Zn in the aboveground parts was 2.0,4.0,1.8,and 4.0 times larger than that in the underground parts,respectively.The heavy metal content of the Rhododendron varieties positively correlated with the available heavy metal content in the rhizosphere soil.The aboveground Cd,Pb,and Zn contents of Rhododendron Xianhe were 54.9%,152.6%,and 110.9%higher than the average,respectively.The available Cd,Pb,and Zn contents were 112.4%,31.78%,and 109.1%higher than the average,respectively.(3)A comprehensive evaluation of ecological adaptability revealed that the 13 Rhododendron varieties obtained overall scores ranging from 0.29 to 0.48.Rhododendron
作者
马红艳
刘丰硕
李祖然
李博
李天国
湛方栋
祖艳群
何永美
MA Hongyan;LIU Fengshuo;LI Zuran;LI Bo;LI Tianguo;ZHAN Fangdong;ZU Yanqun;HE Yongmei(College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;College of Horticulture and Landscape,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期970-978,共9页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
云南省重点研发项目(2019BC001-04)
云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目(202005AC160038,202205AC160080)
云南农业大学国家杜鹃花种质资源库和云南省吴龙华专家工作站项目(202305AF150042)资助
关键词
熵值法
重金属胁迫
采矿废弃地
品种差异
植被重建
entropy method
heavy metal stress
mining wasteland
variety difference
vegetation reconstruction
