摘要
高粱作为全球第五大粮食作物,对世界干旱和半干旱地区的粮食安全起着重要的作用。在我国,随着粮食生产与消费结构的变革,与大宗粮食作物相比,高粱和谷子等杂粮具有特殊利用价值和地位,仍无法完全替代。高粱具有抗旱、耐涝和耐盐等特性,具有不与主粮争地的优势。发展高粱等杂粮对改善粮食作物种植结构,构建粮食强国,保障粮食安全和乡村振兴具有重要意义。生物育种是保障我国种业安全和提升种业竞争力的重要技术手段,本文将概述高粱生产和消费、品种更替、种质资源、育种技术和生物育种基础等方面进展,针对高粱生物育种现状和存在的问题提出建议,期望为我国高粱生物育种基础与种业研发规划、方针和政策的制定提供支撑。
Seeds are’chips’in agriculture.China has raised the security of seed industry to a level as high as national security.As the fifth largest food crop in the world,sorghum plays a pivotal role in food security in arid and semi-arid regions.With changes in grain production patterns and dietary structure in China,special nutritive values of coarse cereals such as sorghum and millet are still irreplaceable by staple cereals.Sorghum is a drought,waterlogging,and salinity resistance crop with advantage of not competing with staple cereals for land use.Industry development of sorghum and other coarse cereals is very important for cropping systems,food security,and rural revitalization.Bio-breeding is the main technique to ensure the safety and competitiveness of seed industry in China.In this paper,the progress in sorghum grain production and consumption,breeding technology,varietal turnover,germplasm resources,basis of bio-breeding and so on is outlined.This paper aims to point out existing problems in sorghum bio-breeding and provide feasible proposal,which is expected to support sorghum bio-breeding,research and development plan,guideline and policy of sorghum seed industry.
作者
朱振兴
张丽霞
李金红
白春明
陆晓春
ZHU Zhenxing;ZHANG Lixia;LI Jinhong;BAI Chunming;LU Xiaochun(Sorghum Research Institute,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang 110161)
出处
《中国基础科学》
2022年第4期42-52,共11页
China Basic Science
基金
国家谷子高粱产业技术体系(CARS-06-14.5-A3)
关键词
高粱
生物育种
种业
转基因
基因编辑
sorghum
bio-breeding
seed industry
transgenic
gene editing
