摘要
专家认为,面对财政压力,公共管理者有三种应对措施:削减公共服务、扩大现有财源、裁员减编。在经济大萧条时期(2008-2012年),美国次国家政府采取了上述三种措施。本文致力于分析州政府和地方政府在经济大萧条时期的应对机制,并探讨上述机制如何减少对女性、少数族裔和贫困人口的消极作用。本文列举事实案例,描述美国次国家政府应对财政压力的具体策略,并评估这些策略对公共服务与产品的公平配置有何影响。文章还对'社会公平'的概念进行了文献回顾,分析不同的应对措施对弱势群体的影响。最后,本文提出对策建议,说明应对措施如何减少对弱势群体的累退效应。
Experts suggest that when faced with fiscal stress public managers can engage in three coping practices:an actual cutback in services,expansion of existing financial resources,or reduction in work force.During the Great Recession(2007-2012),US subnational governments utilized all three of these practices.The purpose of this article is to identify coping mechanisms used by state and local governments to respond to the Great Recession,and identify approaches to minimize the negative and disproportionate impact of these actions on women,minorities,and the economically disadvantaged.The authors provide specific examples of tactics employed by US subnational governments in response to fiscal stress and evaluate the equity of their consequences on the distribution of goods and services.A review of the concept of social equity,its related literature,and an analysis of the disparate impact of coping practices on underrepresented groups is provided.Finally,the article presents mitigating strategies in order to reduce the regressive impact of these coping practices on the vulnerable populations.
作者
布鲁·伍德里奇
海蒂·简·M.史密斯
李倩(译)
周志忍(审校)
Blue Wooldridge;Heidi Jane M.Smith(L Douglas Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs,Virginia Commonwealth University,USA;School of Policy,Government&International Affairs(SPAGIA),George Mason University,USA)
出处
《国际行政科学评论（中文版）》
2018年第1期1-19,共19页
International Review of Administrative Sciences
