摘要
【目的】了解四川盆北地震重灾区不同农林复合模式对土壤的培肥改土效应,以筛选出适宜的农林复合模式。【方法】对四川盆北地震重灾区8种农林复合模式(梨树+蕉藕(LSJO)、梨树+胡豆(LSHD)、梨树+油菜(LSYC)、梨树+红苕(LSHS)、核桃+蕉藕(HTJO)、核桃+魔芋(HTMY)、枇杷+大豆(PPDD)、枇杷+红苕(PPHS))和农地对照(CK)的土壤物理性质、养分含量和酶活性进行研究,并利用隶属函数法对各模式的土壤抗蚀性、肥力和培肥改土效应进行综合评价。【结果】8种农林复合模式与CK相比,土壤非毛管孔隙、毛管孔隙、总孔隙、通气度、自然含水量、最大持水量、毛管持水量、最小持水量和排水能力分别增加17.6%—161.8%、11.6%—32.7%、12.5%—45.2%、17.9%—79.5%、10.7%—35.4%、13.7%—48.6%、12.0%—33.1%、16.4%—58.7%和10.4%—25.3%;>0.25 mm土壤团聚体(干筛)、>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体(湿筛)和水稳性团聚体平均重量直径分别增加0.9%—7.2%、5.6%—18.1%和14.8%—138.7%;结构体破坏率和不稳定团粒指数分别降低24.0%—51.4%和17.1%—54.7%;<0.002 mm土壤黏粒含量、结构性颗粒指数、团聚状况、团聚度和物理稳定性指数分别增加15.1%—45.2%、14.2%—28.9%、69.3%—417.3%、58.3%—256.6%和3.5%—23.9%;<0.05 mm微团聚体含量、分散率、侵蚀系数和受蚀性指数分别降低5.4%—33.7%、8.4%—44.1%、18.0%—49.8%和19.1%—75.1%;有机碳、全氮和碱解氮含量分别增加7.1%—46.7%、4.3%—30.9%和18.8%—57.5%;有效磷和速效钾含量分别降低1.7%—29.7%和20.8%—53.4%;脲酶、磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性分别增加17.3%—60.0%、34.7%—149.2%和21.0%—102.8%;各模式土壤抗蚀性综合值(CVSA)和培肥改土效应综合值(CVAE)均显著高于农地对照(CK),各模式除梨树+红苕和枇杷+红苕外,土壤肥力综合值(CVSF)均显著高于农地对照(CK)。梨树、核桃和枇杷林下分别以种植蕉藕、蕉藕和大豆具有较高�
【Objective】The effects of different agro-forestry models on soil amendment and enrichment efficiency were studied to select the optimum model in serious earthquake region of northern Sichuan basin.【Method】Soil physical properties, nutrient contents and enzyme activities were determined under 8 agro-forestry models（including Pyrus spp＋canna edulis（LSJO）, Pyrus spp＋Vicia faba（LSHD）, Pyrus spp＋Brassica chinensis（LSYC）, Pyrus spp＋Ipomoea batatas（LSHS）, Juglans regia＋Canna edulis（HTJO）, Juglans regia＋Amorphophallus rivieri（HTMY）, Eriobotrya japonica＋Glycine max（PPDD）, Eriobotrya japonica＋ Ipomoea batatas（PPHS）） and farmland control（CK）, and the membership function method was used to evaluate soil anti-erodibility, fertility, and amendment and enrichment efficiency of different models.【Result】Compared with the CK, soil non-capillary porosity, capillary porosity, total porosity, ventilation degree, natural water content, maximum water-holding capacity, capillary water-holding capacity, minimum water-holding capacity and drainage capacity of the 8 agro-forestry models were increased by 17.6%-161.8%, 11.6%-32.7%, 12.5%-45.2%, 17.9%-79.5%, 10.7%-35.4%, 13.7%-48.6%, 12.0%-33.1%, 16.4%-58.7% and 10.4%-25.3%, respectively; 〉0.25 mm soil aggregate（dry sieving）, 〉0.25 mm water-stable aggregate（wet sieving） and mean weight diameter of water-stable aggregates were increased by 0.9%-7.2%, 5.6%-18.1% and 14.8%-138.7%, respectively; ratio of soil structure deterioration and index of unstable aggregate were reduced by 24.0%-51.4% and 17.1%-54.7%, respectively; 〈0.002 mm clay content, structure particle index, aggregation status, aggregation degree and physical stability index were increased by 15.1%-45.2%, 14.2%-28.9%, 69.3%-417.3%, 58.3%-256.6% and 3.5%-23.9%, respectively;〈 0.05 mm micro-aggregates content, dispersion rate, erosion coefficient and eroded index were reduced by 5.4%-33.7%, 8.4%-44.1%, 18.0%-49.8% and 19.1%-75.1%, respectively; organic
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第15期2999-3009,共11页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2011BAC09B05)
土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放课题(0812201244)
关键词
地震重灾区
农林复合模式
培肥改土
四川盆地
serious earthquake region
agro-forestry model
soil amendment and enrichment efficiency
Sichuan basin
