摘要
中国地质灾害种类多、分布广、频次高、强度大、灾情严重。在气候、地形、地质构造和社会条件等多种因素影响下，不同地区地质灾害的种类、强度和破坏程度差异巨大，全国可分为东部和西部两大灾害区，两大灾害区又可进一步划分为12个亚区。地质灾害活动具有不规则准周期性和累进性特点。多数地质灾害在强弱变化中显示不断增强的趋势。从可持续发展高度来说，防治地质灾害是一项长期而又艰巨的任务。
China is one of the few countries with the highest level of geological disasters in the world. Geological disasters which occurred in China are characterized by various kinds, widespread distribution and high frequency. The geological disasters not only threaten the lives and property of humankind, but also make heavy damages to our environment and resources which pose profound impacts on our society and economy. According to rough statistics there were more than 50000 times of geological disasters in our country from 1949 to 1998, of which there were 2000 heavy geological disasters that caused the death of dozens of people and over ten million RMB economic losses. Totally, the geological disasters have resulted in several hundred thousands of people dying and dozens of million houses demolished. Owing to the influence of various factors such as climate, topograghy, geological structure and social conditions, geological disasters of different regions diversified in the type, intensity and damaging degree. The whole country can be divided into two big regions, namely, eastern region and western region, both of them can also be divided into a few subregions. Western region is made up of high mountains, plateaus and big continental basins with arid climate and few people living in, and the dominant disasters are earthquake, desertification, freezing-thawing, debris-flows and water-soil erosion. Although geological disasters distribute very extensively and occur very frequently, direct damage to people and property is of low extent for its single type of disaster and rare density of people and economy. Eastern region is made up of coastal plains, low mountains and transitional mountains, where climate oscillates tempestuously between the period of cooling and warming while precipitation fluctuates between abundance and shortage with intensive practice of mankind and relatively severe geological disasters. Because of high density of people and economy, and because most cities, corporations and major project
出处
《第四纪研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2000年第6期559-566,共8页
Quaternary Sciences
基金
国家社会科学基金!(批准号:99BJL047)
关键词
地质灾害
时空分布
形成条件
气候
地质构造
Chinese geological disasters, spatial and temporal distribution, forming conditions
