摘要
功能多样性是联系物种、生态环境和生态系统功能的基础.从功能多样性的角度研究群落结构,有助于更好地理解生物多样性与生态系统功能之间的关系.本研究根据2011—2017年(除2012年外)春、秋季海州湾渔业资源底拖网调查数据,选取反映鱼类摄食、运动、生态适应性、繁殖行为和种群动态特征的13个功能性状,利用功能丰富度指数、功能均匀度指数、功能离散度指数和群落特征加权平均数指数(CWM),研究了海州湾鱼类群落功能多样性的季节、年际和空间的变化.结果表明:海州湾鱼类群落功能多样性指数具有显著的季节差异,其中秋季功能丰富度指数显著高于春季,春季功能离散度指数显著高于秋季,鱼类洄游是造成功能多样性指数季节变化的主要原因;CWM分析表明,春季鱼类群落优势种为营养级较高、运动能力较强、生长系数、恢复力和脆弱性较高的冷/暖温性鱼类,秋季则相反,春、秋季鱼类群落均以产浮性卵鱼类为主;鱼类群落功能多样性指数呈现一定的年际变化,其中春、秋季各功能多样性指数在不同年际均呈波动趋势,表明海州湾鱼类群落稳定性较低;鱼类群落功能多样性指数呈现显著的空间差异,其中20 m以深远岸水域功能离散度指数较高.海州湾鱼类群落功能多样性具有明显的时空变化特征,鱼类生态位与其对资源的利用均随季节、年际和空间而变化.
As the link among species,ecological environment,and ecosystem function,functional diversity can help us to better understand the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function.We analyzed functional diversity with thirteen functional traits reflecting the characteristics of food acquisition,locomotion,ecological adaptation,reproduction and population dynamics of fish species.The seasonal,interannual and spatial variations of functional diversity of fish communities were examined using functional richness index(FRic),functional evenness index(FEve),functional divergence index(FDiv)and community weighted mean index(CWM)based on the data from the bottom trawl surveys in spring and autumn from 2011 to 2017(except 2012)in Haizhou Bay.The results showed that functional diversity indices were significantly different in spring and autumn,with FRic was significantly higher in autumn than that in spring and FDiv was significantly higher in spring than that in autumn.Migration might be the main reason for the seasonal change of functional diversity indices.CWM analysis showed that dominant fish species were cold-temperate or warm-temperate species,with higher trophic level,strong motion ability,and relatively high growth coefficient,resilience and vulnerability in spring.In autumn,the dominant species showed the opposite traits.In both spring and autumn,fish species with pelagic eggs dominated the fish communities.Inter-annual variations in functional diversity indices were observed in spring and autumn.The functional diversity indices showed an annual fluctuation during the study period in both spring and autumn,indicating the low stability of fish community in Haizhou Bay.Significant spatial changes in functional diversity of fish assemblages were observed,with FDiv being higher in the offshore coastal waters(>20 m)than that in the shallow waters(<20 m).The functional diversity showed obvious spatio-temporal variation.The ecological niches and resource utilization of fish species varied with season,year and spa
作者
张晓妆
王晶
徐宾铎
张崇良
薛莹
任一平
ZHANG Xiao-zhuang;WANG Jing;XU Bin-duo;ZHANG Chong-liang;XUE Ying;REN Yi-ping(College of Fisheries,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,Shandong,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,Shandong,China)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第9期3233-3244,共12页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31772852)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(201562030,201612004)资助~~
关键词
鱼类群落
功能多样性
功能丰富度
功能均匀度
功能离散度
时空变化
fish community
functional diversity
functional richness
functional evenness
functional divergence
spatio-temporal variation
