摘要
高昌,即今吐鲁番盆地,地处塔里木盆地南、北缘与凉州往来交通的关键位置,是佛教传播线道上的重要节点和西域与东亚佛教集中交会融合的重要地带。高昌佛教历经高昌郡至高昌国时期、唐西州时期和西州回时期三个发展阶段,前后延续一千余年,遗留了数量众多、类型多样、特征突出的石窟寺遗址。其中,5~7世纪前半叶的高昌石窟,形成了规制统一、前后相继、自成体系的“高昌样式”,不仅呈现出石窟营造样式的形成过程,而且反映出其联结、融会东方凉州系石窟和西域龟兹系石窟因素的关键作用。
Grotto remains of the Gaochang region can be divided into three phases:the first phase corresponds to the Gaochang Commandery and Gaochang Kingdom periods,while the second and third phases are associated with the Gaochang Kingdom ruled by the Qu clan.By analyzing characteristics of the major types of grottos such as pagoda temples,Buddha halls,and monk caves in terms of space-making,sculptural techniques,and cave construction technologies,this study demonstrates that the Gaochang grottoes recombined characteristics of Liangzhou sculpture with grotto forms local to the Hexi,Kucha,and Gaochang region,along with integration of Liangzhou sculptural techniques from the Liangzhou and Kucha regions.This eventually formed a regional cave construction standard known as the“Gaochang style”,reflecting the evolution of Buddhism in the Gaochang region.
出处
《考古》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第1期90-101,共12页
Archaeology
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“高昌石窟寺内容总录”(项目编号18CKG017)的资助。
关键词
高昌
石窟样式
空间营造理念
造像特征
石窟营建技术
Gaochang
Grotto style
Space-making concept
Statue characteristics
Grotto construction technology
