摘要
目的为明确不同地貌类型土壤剖面理化特征及盐分离子组成的差异,以新疆玛纳斯河流域3种典型地貌类型(冲积洪积扇缘、冲积平原、干三角洲)为研究对象,方法通过对不同地貌类型土壤样品的野外采集和室内测定,利用相关性分析和主成分分析方法,对土壤0~100 cm理化性状及盐分离子组成进行了分析。结果由冲积洪积扇缘、冲积平原到干三角洲3种地貌,SOM和粘粒含量表现为降低趋势,但各地貌类型间差异不显著。SOM和粘粒含量分别为5.08~6.58 g·kg^(-1)和28.63%~39.19%。CEC在地貌类型间表现为冲积平原>干三角洲>冲积洪积扇缘,平均含量分别为23.58、19.53和19.01 cmol·kg^(-1),各地貌类型间差异显著。3种地貌类型下土壤剖面中CEC和SOM含量均随着土层深度的增加而降低,粘粒含量则表现为随着土层深度的增加逐渐升高。流域土壤剖面0~100 cm土层平均盐分含量为3.481 g·kg^(-1),最大值为11.81 g·kg^(-1),最小值为3.06 g·kg^(-1),0~20 cm和80~100 cm土层盐分含量较高,中间层较低;土壤盐分中阳离子以Ca^(2+)和Na^(+)为主,阴离子以SO_(4)^(2-)和Cl;为主;冲积洪积扇缘剖面盐分类型为氯化物-硫酸盐型,冲积平原为氯化物型,干三角洲为硫酸盐-氯化物型。由土壤理化性质与盐基离子的相关性分析得出,土壤粘粒含量与CEC、盐分含量、Na^(+)、SO_(4)^(2-)离子呈显著正相关,CEC与Na^(+)、Ca^(2+)呈显著正相关,SOM含量与各盐分离子间无显著相关性。结论不同地貌类型土壤剖面理化特征、养分含量和盐分具有空间变异性,各指标密切相关互相影响,共同决定了该区域盐渍化类型和程度,研究结果可以为玛纳斯河流域农业生产管理和盐碱土改良利用提供一定的理论参考和依据。
Objective In order to clarify the differences of soil profile physicochemical characteristics and salt ion composition of different geomorphic types, we have taken three typical geomorphic types(alluvial fan margin, alluvial plain and dry delta) in Manas River Basin of Xinjiang as the researching object, Method in terms of field collection and indoor determination of soil samples of different geomorphic types, the physicochemical properties and salt ion composition of 0~100 cm soil were analyzed by means of correlation analysis and principal component analysis.Result The results show that the content of soil SOM and clay particles decreases from alluvial fan margin, alluvial plain to dry Delta, but the difference between different geomorphic types is not significant.The content of SOM and clay in soil was 5.08~6.58 g·kg^(-1) and 28.63%~39.19%.CEC is characterized by alluvial plain > dry delta > alluvial fan margin, with average content of 23.58,19.53 and 19.01 cmol·kg^(-1),respectively.The difference between geomorphic types is significant.The content of CEC and SOM in soil profile decreased with the increase of soil depth, while clay content increased with the increase of soil depth.The average salt content of 0~100 cm soil layer in the watershed soil profile is 3.481 g·kg^(-1),the maximum is 11.81 g·kg^(-1),the minimum is 3.06 g·kg^(-1),0~20 cm and 80~100. The salt content of cm soil layer is high, and the middle layer is low;the cations in soil salt are Ca^(2+) and Na^(+),and the anion is SO_(4)^(2-) and Cl;the salt content in the fan edge section of alluvial diluvial is chloride sulfate type, alluvial plain is chloride type, dry delta is sulfate chloride type.The results show that the clay content of soil is positively correlated with CEC,salt content, Na^(+),SO_(4)^(2-),CEC is positively correlated with Na^(+),Ca^(2+),and SOM content is not significantly correlated with salt ions.Conclusion The physical and chemical characteristics, nutrient content and salinity of soil profiles of different geomorphic
作者
李维弟
史晓艳
宋江辉
田甜
王海江
LI Weidi;SHI Xiaoyan;SONG Jianghui;TIAN Tian;WANG Haijiang(College of Agriculture,Shihezi University,Shihezi 830022,China)
出处
《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第1期75-83,共9页
Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42161042)
国际科技合作项目(2015DFA11660)
新疆兵团科技项目(2018AA004,2018AA005,2020AB018)。
关键词
玛纳斯河流域
土壤
地貌类型
剖面
盐分
Manas River Basin
soil
geomorphic types
profile
salinity
