摘要
目的:分析2018年宜昌市法定传染病报告病例流行特征,为健康宜昌传染病防控提供科学依据。方法:采用描述性和分析性流行病学方法对全市法定传染病报告病例资料进行分析。结果:2018年宜昌市报告法定传染病21种21933例,报告发病率为530.35/10万,较2017年下降10.87%。其中发病率居前6位的病种依次为病毒性肝炎、手足口病、肺结核、其它感染性腹泻、流行性感冒和梅毒,累计占法定传染病发病总数的89.49%。肠道传染病占总发病数的38.87%,其发病高峰为每年5~7月。呼吸道传染病占总发病数的32.34%,其发病高峰在每年1月。男性报告发病率是女性的1.47倍,0~4岁组和5~9岁组报告发病率较高。散居儿童、托幼儿童、学生和农民占全部发病人数的72.04%。全市报告的传染病病例实验室诊断率为38.13%。结论:2018年全市传染病发病率较2017年有较大幅度的下降,但全市传染病实验室诊断率较低,应加大对重点人群、重点时段及重点传染病的诊疗及防控力度。
Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable diseases reported in 2018 in Yichang,and provide the evidence for notifiable disease control and prevention.Methods:Descriptive and analytical epidemiological methods were adopted to analyze the data of notifiable diseases.Results:In 2018,there were 21933 cases of 21 kinds of notifiable diseases reported in Yichang.The morbidity of notifiable diseases was 530.35/100000,with a decrease of 10.87%than 2017.The six most common diseases were virus hepatitis,hand foot and mouth disease,tuberculosis,other infectious diarrhea,influenza and syphilis,accounting for 89.49%.Intestinal infectious diseases accounted for 38.87%of the total number of cases,with incidence peak during May to July.Respiratory infectious diseases accounted for 32.34%,with incidence peak in January.The male incidence was 1.47 times higher than that of female.The age group from 0 to 4 year-old and 5 to 9 year-old reported higher morbidity.Scattered children,children in kindergarten,students and farmers were accounted for 72.04%of the whole cases.The laboratory diagnosis rate of reported infectious disease cases was 38.13%in the whole city.Conclusion:In 2018,the incidence of notifiable diseases in our city decreased significantly compared with that in 2017,but the laboratory diagnosis rate was relatively low.Therefore,the diagnosis,treatment,prevention and control of key groups,key periods and key infectious diseases should be strengthened.
作者
杨忠诚
贺圆圆
张慧琦
张皓
周萍
袁凤花
王蕾
赵鑫
易晋华
魏婷
雷雯
田雨
李芳芳
邓耀聪
刘建华
Yang Zhongcheng;He Yuanyuan;Zhang Huiqi;Zhang Hao;Zhou Ping;Yuan Fenghua;Wang Lei;Zhao Xin;Yi Jinhua;Wei Ting;Lei Wen;Tian Yu;Li Fangfang;Deng yaocong;Liu Jianhua(Yichang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Public Health Research Center,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443005,China)
出处
《巴楚医学》
2019年第4期70-74,共5页
Bachu Medical Journal
关键词
法定传染病
流行病学特征
宜昌市
notifiable diseases
epidemiological characteristics
Yichang
