摘要
目的了解重庆市高校新生的主要健康问题,为实施大学生健康管理提供科学依据。方法采用分层抽样法,从各高校体检管理系统,按照全日制新生人数10%的比例随机抽取了2015年重庆市高校4576名新生,对其体检结果进行统计分析,找出其主要健康问题。结果 2 509名(54.8%)新生有健康问题,其中1 519名(60.5%)有不良生活方式。低体重(44.3%)、超重肥胖(27.0%)、视力下降(17.9%)、肝功异常(16.7%)、龋/缺齿(10.1%)位居大学新生健康问题的前五位。男生在正常高值血压、肝功异常、超重肥胖、向心性肥胖、色弱、血压异常方面的检出率高于女生(P<0.05);而女生在低体重、龋/缺齿、视力下降方面的检出率高于男生(P<0.01);在不同来源地学生中,城镇学生在超重、肥胖方面的检出率高于农村学生(P<0.01);但农村学生在视力下降、正常高值血压方面的检出率高于城镇学生(P<0.01)。结论重庆市高校新生健康问题较突出,不同性别及来源新生的健康问题存在差异。
Objective To know the main health problems of freshmen in the universities of Chongqing. Methods Stratified random sampling was used to select 4 576 freshmen of 2015 who were 10% of the whole freshmen from the health examination results management system in the universities of Chongqing. The results were analyzed to find the main health problems. Results A total of 2 509 （54.8%）freshmen had health problems,of which 60.5% had poor lifestyles. The top five health problems included underweight（44.3%),overweight and obesity（27%),decreased visual acuity （17.9%）, abnormal liver function （16.7%）, and dental/ missing teeth caries （10.1%）. The frequencies of boys in the normal high blood pressure,abnormal liver function,overweight and obesity,central obesity, blindness,hypertension were signifieandy higher than those of girls（P〈0.05）;while the frequencies of girls in underweight,dental/ missing teeth caries,decreased visual acuity rate were significantly higher than those of boys （P〈0.01）. The rural students＇ frequencies were higher than these of urban students in overweight and obesity （P〈0.01）. However,the frequencies of urban students＇ decreased visual acuity and high normal blood pressure were higher than those rural students（P〈0.01）. Conclusion Health problems of freshmen in universities of Chongqing are prominent. There are different health problems regarding different gender and areas where the freshmen come from.
作者
王娟
丁福
WANG Juan;DING Fu
出处
《中华护理教育》
2018年第5期379-383,共5页
Chinese Journal of Nursing Education
关键词
学生保健服务
体格检查
健康调查
Student Health Services
Physical Examination
Health Surveys
