摘要
根据2011年3、5、7、9和12月在海州湾及其邻近海域进行的5个航次渔业资源底拖网的调查数据,分析了海州湾鱼类的种类组成和生态类群结构及其季节变化。本次调查共采集96种鱼类,隶属于2纲13目44科71属,选取其中的58种鱼类(其生物量之和占所有鱼类总生物量的95%以上),依据适温类型、产卵类型、摄食类型和洄游类型四个方面,对生态类群进行划分和研究。研究表明,从适温类型来看,海州湾各季节暖温性鱼类的生物量和种类数均超过总数的40%,占首位,其次是暖水性鱼类和冷温性鱼类。从产卵类型来看,海州湾鱼类以浮性卵鱼类和黏着沉性卵鱼类为主,分别占总生物量的48.17%和31.19%。从摄食类型来看,海州湾各季节均以底栖生物食性鱼类为主,其种类数和生物量所占比例分别为55.17%和65.42%。从洄游类型来看,海州湾洄游鱼类(包括长距离洄游和短距离洄游)的种类数和生物量所占比例较大,分别为67.25%和57.11%。研究结果表明:海州湾鱼类生态类群存在极显著的季节差异(P<0.01);优势种的季节变化也十分明显,其变化规律与生态类群基本一致。
Based on the data collected in seasonal bottom trawl surveys in Haizhou Bay and adjacent waters in March,May,July,September and December,2011,the variations in the composition and characteristics of the ecological groups of fish communities were studied.The main basis for the division of ecological groups were adapting temperate,spawning,feeding and migratory types.The results showed that a total of 96 fish species were captured in the surveys,which belonged to 71 genera,44 families and 13 orders.Fifty eight fish species were selected to study the ecological groups,which accounted for more than 95%of the total biomass of all fish species.Warm temperate fish species were dominant in Haizhou Bay,with their total biomass and number of species accounted for over40%in each season.Species with pelagic eggs and those withdemersal and adhesive eggs were the main ecological groups in Haizhou Bay,with their biomass accounted for 48.17%and 31.19%of the total biomass of fish community in Haizhou Bay,respectively.With respect to feeding types,benthivores were the main feeding type in each season.The proportion of the biomass and number of migratory（including short-and long-distances）fish species were more than those of local species.According to the result ofχ2-text,ecological groups showedobvious seasonal variations.Thealternation of different fish species was obvious,and the change of dominant fish species were various between seasons,presenting similar variations with the ecological groups.
出处
《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第12期59-71,共13页
Periodical of Ocean University of China
基金
海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201305030)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(201562030
201612002)
青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室鳌山科技创新计划项目(2015ASKJ02)资助~~
关键词
海州湾
鱼类群落
生态类群
优势种
种类组成
Haizhou Bay
fish community
ecological group
dominant species
speciescomposition
