摘要
以景观生态学为基础,并以株洲市石塘村为例,选取斑块密度、斑块平均面积、景观多样性、均匀性、优势度、分离度、破碎度、分维度等景观格局指数,对长株潭地区典型农村景观格局特征进行研究。研究结果表明:1)石塘村水域、耕地、林地景观优势较好,具有良好的景观资源,这部分景观功能结构完整,但其人为干扰程度较强,边界无规则,存在景观生态系统脆弱性的可能;2)石塘村水域虽分布均匀,但分离度较高,村民无意识的开挖活动使村内水系统存在断裂性;3)石塘村居住用地破碎度较大,公共用地较少,村内基础设施尚未得到有效建设,较大的公共广场用地位于龙门寺前坪;4)石塘村产业用地密度较小,分离度较高,对农业依赖性较大;5)石塘村除道路广场用地外,其他各景观斑块的分维度约为1.5,边界形状无规律,边缘效应的生物多样性较大,存在生物生态不稳定性。基于此,提出相关政策,如平衡区域土地发展、连接各水循环系统、减少对林地的人为干扰强度等,以提高整体景观的稳定性与多样性,形成良好的农村稳定系统。
Shitang village in Zhuzhou city has been selected,on the basis of landscape ecology,as an object for a case study of landscape pattern index,which includes patch density,average patch area,landscape diversity,homogeneity,degree of dominance,isolation,fragmentation,dimension,etc.,followed by a research on characteristics of the typical rural landscape pattern in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan rural area.The results show that： 1） The advantages of waters,farmland and woodland landscape in Shitang village is obvious,with a great potential landscape resources.The structure and function of this landscape are complete,but the tremendous human disturbance,as well as its irregular boundary,makes the landscape ecosystem vulnerable to disruption; 2） The distribution of waters in Shitang village is uneven but with a higher degree of separation.Random excavation activities of the villagers make the water system fragile,easy to be fractured; 3） The residential land in Shitang village is characterized with a higher degree of fragmentation,with a shortage of land for public use.The infrastructure in the village has not yet been effectively improved,with a larger public square site located in front of Longmen Temple.4） The small density of industrial land and a high degree of separation in Shitang village makes it much more dependent on agriculture.In addition to the land area for road or square use,the dimension of other landscape patches in Shitang village is about 1.5,indicating an irregularity in its boundary shape.With its great biological diversity of edge effect,the biological ecology in this area will be extremely unstable.In view of this,some relevant policies have been put forward,such as balancing regional land development,connecting the water cycle system,and reducing the intensity of human disturbance on the forest land,so as to improve the overall landscape stability and diversity,thus helping to form and maintain a good rural stability system.
出处
《湖南工业大学学报》
2017年第4期83-89,共7页
Journal of Hunan University of Technology
基金
亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室开放课题基金资助项目(2016ZB10)
关键词
农村景观格局
斑块
石塘村
rural landscape pattern
plaque
Shitang village
