摘要
根据水稻品种穗型大小,将江苏省淮北地区近20年来选育的主要水稻品种分成两类,一类为偏大穗型品种,另一类为穗数型品种.本研究旨在探讨淮北地区偏大穗型水稻品种群体特征及生长发育特性.结果表明,与穗数型水稻品种相比,偏大穗型水稻品种每穗颖花数多,结实率稍低,千粒重相当;偏大穗型品种全生育期茎蘖数均少于穗数型品种,但分蘖成穗率高于穗数型品种;偏大穗型品种叶面积指数、光合势和干物质积累,生育前期与穗数型水稻品种没有明显差异,抽穗后则显著高于穗数型品种;偏大穗型品种各生育时期的根冠比、茎鞘物质运转率和收获指数与穗数型品种无明显差异,但抽穗后根系伤流量显著高于穗数型品种.提出了淮北地区偏大穗型水稻品种群体指标体系:总颖花量>5.0×104万m-2,结实率>85%,千粒重>26 g;茎蘖成穗率>80%,抽穗期叶面积指数7.5-8.0,全生育期光合势>5×106m2.d.hm-2,成熟期总干重>22 t.hm-2,收获指数>0.50;抽穗期粒叶比〔颖花/叶(cm2)〕>0.58,根冠比>0.22,根系伤流量>5 g.m-2.h-1.
This study aimed to understand population characteristics of partial-large-panicle mid-season Japonica rice euhivars in North Huai River Areas. According to the differences in panicle types, more than 20 mid-season ja- ponica rice cuhivars bred in recent 20 years could be classified into two groups, i.e., panicle-number cuhivars and partial-large-panicle cuhivars. Compared with the panicle-number cultivars, the partial-large-panicle cuhivars had lower filled-grain percentage and tillers, while the partial-large-panicle rice had more spikelets per panicle and higher ratio of productive tillers than that of panicle-number cuhivars. The leaf area index, photosynthetic potential and dry matter accumulation were at the same level for the two rice groups before heading stages and there were no significant differences in grain-leaf ratio, 1000-grain weight, harvest index and translocation percentage of the matter from stems for the two rice groups. The leaf area index, photosynthetic potential, root bleedings, and dry matter accumulation of partial-large-panicle rice cultivars after the heading stages were greater than those of panicle-number rice cuhivars. The indexes for the population characteristics of partial-large-panicle rice were suggested, i.e., total spikelets 〉 5.0 ×10^4 m-2, filled-grain percentage 〉 85%, 1000-grain weight 〉 26 g; ratio of productive tillers 〉 80%, leaf area index at heading 7.5-8.0, photosynthetic potential during the whole growth period 〉 5 ×10^6 m2. d. hm-2, total dry matter weight at maturity 〉 22 t. hm-2, harvest index 〉 0.50; grain-leaf ratio （No. of spikelets per cm2 leaf area） 〉 0.58; root-shoot ra- tio at heading 〉 0.22 and amount of root exudates 〉 5 g.m-2 .h-1.
出处
《内蒙古民族大学学报（自然科学版）》
2013年第3期277-281,共5页
Journal of Inner Mongolia Minzu University：Natural Sciences
基金
江苏省农业三项工程项目(SXGC902012)162)
连云港市农业科技成果示范计划项目(SF1102)
关键词
淮北地区
偏大穗型
群体特征
North Huai River Areas
Partial large-panicle
Rice
population characteristics
