摘要
本文综述了植物提取物饲料添加剂对主要病原菌的体外抗菌、抗氧化作用及其作用机制，并总结了其在家禽上的应用研究。近20年来科学家对多种植物提取物作为饲料添加剂进行了研究，结果发现植物提取物添加剂可能有多种抗茵机制，包括植物提取物能够：（1）破坏／降解细胞壁；（2）破坏细胞质膜；（3）破坏细胞膜蛋白质结构；（4）使细胞内容物泄露；（5）使细胞质凝聚；（6）减弱质子运动力（PMF）等多个方面。尽管并非所有使用专利植物提取物的应用试验结果都一致，添加植物提取物在白羽肉鸡和中国黄鸡上的研究表明，植物提取物添加剂可以显著提高肉鸡与黄鸡的增重和改善饲料报酬，尤其当家禽饲喂低消化率日粮和（或）在不洁净饲养环境时，植物提取物添加剂的促生长作用更为明显。由于植物提取物添加剂无残留和耐药性问题，这为动物养殖与饲料业生产高效安全健康营养的食品提供了保证。
This paper reviewed the in - vitro studies of antibacterial and antioxidant activities and the mechanism of action of phytogenic feed additives; and also the experimental knowledge on efficacy, possible modes of action, gut health of the phytogenic products as feed additives for mo- nogastric animals. Considering the large number of different groups of chemical compounds pres- ent in plant extracts, it is most likely that their antibacterial activity is not attributable to one spe- cific mechanism but that there are several targets in the cell which are thought to be （ 1 ） degrada- tion of the cell wall; （2） damage to cytoplasmic membrane; （3） damage to membrane proteins; （4） leakage of cell contents ; （ 5 ） coagulation of cytoplasm ; （ 6 ） depletion of the proton motive force. It is showed that phytogenic feed additives could increase the body weight gain and improve feed conversion ratio of the broilers and the Chinese three -yellow broilers, especially when the dietary nutritional density is low and under the microbial - challenged environments. In conclu- sion, available research evidence indicates that phytogenic feed additives （especially oregano vul gate spp. hirtum） may use as growth promoters in livestock due to its non -residue and non re- sistance.
出处
《中国饲料添加剂》
2011年第6期1-4,共4页
China Feed Additive
关键词
植物提取物
止痢苹
好力高
肠道菌群
生产性能
家禽
plants extractive
essential oil
orego - stim
intestinal flora
performance
broilers
