摘要
目的研究甲醛和甲苯联合染毒对小鼠神经行为的影响,探讨其联合毒性效应的类型。方法通过Morris水迷宫实验筛选健康清洁级昆明小鼠72只,按3×3析因设计,将小鼠随机分为9组,每组8只,雌雄各半,即对照组(0mg/m3甲醛+0mg/m3甲苯),甲醛组(1、5mg/m3),甲苯组(400、2 000mg/m3),联合组(1mg/m3甲醛+400mg/m3甲苯、1mg/m3甲醛+2000mg/m3甲苯、5mg/m3甲醛+400mg/m3甲苯、5mg/m3甲醛+2 000mg/m3甲苯)。采用50 L染毒柜(顶置风扇)静式吸入染毒,每天2h,连续14d。染毒结束后,采用Morris水迷宫实验和旷场实验对小鼠进行神经行为学测试。结果 Morris水迷宫实验结果显示,在定位导航实验中,甲醛和甲苯可致小鼠逃避潜伏期随染毒剂量的增大而延长,联合染毒组较同等剂量的单独染毒组尤为明显,随着训练次数的增加,各组小鼠的逃避潜伏期呈缩短趋势,训练天数、甲醛和甲苯染毒对逃避潜伏期的影响均有统计学意义(P<0.01),同时甲醛和甲苯对小鼠逃避潜伏期的影响存在交互作用(P<0.05);在空间探索实验中,甲醛和甲苯染毒可致小鼠找到平台的时间延长,原平台象限游泳时间和原平台象限游泳距离占总距离百分比下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),二者对找到平台的时间和原平台象限游泳时间的影响存在交互作用(P<0.05),且表现为协同。旷场实验结果显示,甲醛和甲苯染毒可致小鼠在中央格停留时间延长,水平穿越格子数、直立次数和修饰次数下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),二者对中央格停留时间、水平穿越格数和直立次数的影响存在交互作用(P<0.05),且表现为协同。结论甲醛和甲苯能降低小鼠的学习记忆能力,影响神经行为表现,二者联合染毒具有一定的协同作用。
Objective To study the combined toxicity effect of exposure to formaldehyde and toluene on neurobehavior of mice.Methods Seventy-two healthy clean Kunming mice were randomly divided into 9 groups,the control group（0 mg/m3 formaldehyde ＋0 mg/m3 toluene）,the formaldehyde group（1,5 mg/m3）,the toluene group（400,2 000 mg/m3）,the combined groups（1 mg/m3 formaldehyde ＋400 mg/m3 toluene,1 mg/m3 formaldehyde ＋2 000 mg/m3 toluene,5 mg/m3 formaldehyde ＋400 mg/m3 toluene,5 mg/m3 formaldehyde ＋2 000 mg/m3 toluene）.3×3 factorial analysis was used in the experiment.The treatments were conducted by static inhaling formaldehyde or（and） toluene,two hours per day for 14 consecutive days.After 14 days of exposure,the behavior of mice was tested by Morris water maze and open field test.Results In space training and learning experiment,the escape latency of all groups increased as the exposure dose increased and decreased as the days of training increased.In space exploration experiment,the time of finding the platform presented an ascend tendency,while the time and the percentage of swimming distance in target quadrant presented a descend tendency（P0.01）.There is interaction between formaldehyde and toluene in the time of finding the platform and swimming in target quadrant（P0.05）.The results of open-field test showed the latency presented an ascend tendency,the number of crossing pane,standing and modifying presented a descend tendency（P0.01）.There was interaction between formaldehyde and toluene in latency,the number of crossing pane and standing（P0.05）.Conclusion Formaldehyde and toluene may degrade the learning and memory abilities of mice.Maybe the joint neurotoxicity of formaldehyde and toluene is synergistic.
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第11期959-962,共4页
Journal of Environment and Health
基金
山西省自然科学基金资助项目(2009011049-2)
