摘要
按弹性体考虑,建立由车体、前后构架和4个轮对轴箱构成的270 km.h-1高速动车模型。采用弹簧单元和拉杆单元模拟一系、二系悬挂及牵引拉杆和轴箱拉杆;设置节点自由度耦合来模拟顶盖与车体其他部件的螺栓连接;在各设备质心位置创建质量单元,用弹簧单元将质量单元与底架上相应设备的支点连接起来以模拟设备质量的影响。用ANSYS软件的Block Lanczos算法提取了270 km.h-1高速动车在考虑设备质量和不考虑设备质量两种情况下的前200阶特征值和特征向量,并对这两种情况下的整车振动特性进行比较分析,得到如下结论:不加设备质量时,与垂向变形相关的振型,其频率明显高于加设备质量时的相应频率;与其他方向变形相关的振型,其相应频率在这两种情况下差异不大;整车刚度按二系悬挂、一系悬挂、车体、构架、车轴的顺序由弱变强;整备状态下车体出现垂向弯曲振型的最低频率为10.42 Hz,满足《200km.h-1以上速度级铁道车辆强度设计及试验规范鉴定暂行规定》的要求。
A model of 270 km· h^-1 high-speed motor car was built which was made up of car-body, framework of bogie, 4 wheelsets and axle boxes. These parts were all treated as to be elastic. Spring and link elements were employed to simulate the primary and secondary suspensions, drawbar and axle boxes bar. The bolt joint between coping and other components of car-body was simulated by coupling nodal degrees. Equipment mass were simulated by mass elements which were created at centroid of those equipment and linked with the mounting base on the car-body through spring elements. The first 200 eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the 270 km· h^-1 high-speed motor car loaded with equipment or with no equipment were extracted by Block Lanczos algorithm of ANSYS software. Vibration characteristics under the two conditions were compared and analyzed. The conclusions are as follows. When without equipment, the frequency of vibration related to vertical deformation is obviously higher than that with equipment. While the frequency of vibration related to other deformation has little difference under the former two situations. The stiffness of all parts is gradually enhanced according to such order： secondary suspension, primary suspension, car-body, framework of bogie, axles. The lowest natural frequency of car-body being bending deflection under full loading is 10.42 Hz, which can satisfy the requirement of provisional criterion about strength design and test of rolling stock running at the speed of above 200 km· h^-1.
出处
《中国铁道科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第6期18-23,共6页
China Railway Science
基金
国家高技术产业化发展项目(计高技[2000]2458)
关键词
高速动车
模态分析
刚度分析
计算机仿真
High-speed motor car
Modal analysis
Stiffness analysis
Computer simulation
