摘要
土壤水分是土地持续利用、水资源规划与管理、节水农业技术研究的基础,土壤水分的监测与模拟已经成为国际前沿研究领域的热点之一。本文总结了国内外在土壤水分监测、空间变异和预测模拟等方面的研究进展,分析了土壤水分研究的现状,并对发展趋势进行了展望。目前,“3S”技术在土壤水分监测中发挥着重要作用,世界上一些发达国家已实现土壤水分监测的实时化、网络化,以及数据处理的自动化和智能化,而国内同类工作相对滞后;地统计学理论已被广泛用于分析土壤水分空间变异性,但多局限于相对小的空间尺度,对大尺度土壤水分空间格局及其变异性研究还有待深入;已有模拟模型各有长处与不足,以“3S”技术和地统计学方法为手段,应用非参数化方法建立综合性的土壤水分预测模型将是土壤水分模拟发展的主要趋势。
As known to all, variance of soil water not only has great impact on regional hydro, but also influences climate greatly through vegetation and soil. Monitoring and simulation of soil moisture are important basis of land sustainable use, planning and management of water re- sources and water-saving technique in agriculture. Therefore, soil water has been up to the a-genda in the Global Soil Wetness Project, and become one of the focuses in the study of Global Climate Change. A critical review on soil moisture monitoring, spatial variability and simulation was carried out in this paper.As a result, it can be concluded that '3S'techniques including Geographical Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), and Global Position System (GPS) have played an important role in the monitoring soil moisture.The pre-processing, communicating and mining for soil moisture data have been timely dealt with by computer networks in some developed countries.However, many developing countries include China failed to do that.The Geo-statistics theory has already been extensively employed to analyze the spatial pattern and variability of soil moisture, but most existed researches have been done in the fine and small scales, and few researches in coarse scales.After analyzing advantages and disadvantages of the established models for simulating soil moisture, we proposed that integrated non-parameter models should be established to simulate soil moisture by combining '3S' techniques and Geo-statistics theory .This paper is attempts to probe into the study of monitoring and simulating soil moisture and summarize the methods and approaches used in the soil water research, which may be helpful for improving the relevant study in China.
出处
《地理科学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第3期58-66,共9页
Progress in Geography
基金
863计划项目(2002AA2Z4311
2002AA2Z4021
2004 AA2Z4050)
科技部社会公益研究专项"北方旱区土壤水分测报评估系统研究"
科技部社会公益重点项目"农业水资源利用与水环境重要技术研究"
关键词
土壤水分
监测
空间变异
模拟
进展
soil moisture
monitoring
spatial variability
simulation
progress
