摘要
泛在的社会风险、剧增的社会治理难题以及复杂的失范行为等多重挑战全面地激发了刑法的扩张性与严厉性,使刑法对社会生活的介入愈发广泛和深刻,造成了刑法的异化,即刑法的政治化、工具化与技术化倾向。欲从根本上解决刑法的异化问题,必须在现代法治逻辑下再度寻找刑法的根基和刑法的信仰。基于社会契约论的历史脉络梳理国家权力的演化历程可知,国家的刑罚权来源于公民权利的转让,其目的是保障公民权利,而保障公民权利依赖于作为法治国之体现的罪刑法定主义。因此,刑法的根基是保障公民自由权利,刑法的信仰是罪刑法定主义。滥用刑罚会动摇刑法的根基和信仰。一时意气之言,虽随风而逝,仍锐可当锋;一时意气之刑,虽陟罚臧否,却刀可伤人。学习刑法,不能仅满足于获取知识与养成技艺,还需维护刑法保障公民自由权利之根基与恪守罪刑法定主义之信仰,以此共同坚守现代刑事法治的内在纹理和血脉。
The multiple challenges,such as ubiquitous social risks,increasing social governance problems and complex anomie behaviors,have fully stimulated the expansion and severity of criminal law,which have also made the criminal law more extensive and profound in social life,and caused the alienation of criminal law,that is,the politicization,instrumentalization and technicalization of criminal law.In order to fundamentally solve the problem of alienation of criminal law,we must seek the foundation of criminal law again under the logic of modern rule of law and establish the belief of criminal law.By combing the evolution process of state power based on the historical context of social compact theory,the state power of punishment comes from the transfer of civil rights,and its purpose is to protect civil rights.The protection of civil rights depends on the principle of nulla poena sine lege as the embodiment of the rule of law.Therefore,the foundation of criminal law is freedom protection,and the belief of criminal law is the principle of nulla poena sine lege.Abusing punishment will shake the foundation and belief of criminal law.Learning criminal law should not only be satisfied with the acquisition of knowledge and the cultivation of skills,but also abide by the foundation of protecting civil liberties and the belief of nulla poena sine lege,so as to stick to the inherent texture and blood of modern criminal law.
出处
《法制与社会发展》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期150-170,共21页
Law and Social Development
基金
东南大学人权教育与培训基地项目“中国人权法治保障体系研究”(2242020S30046)
东南大学反腐败法治研究中心暨江苏高校“青蓝工程”项目的阶段性成果
关键词
刑法异化
社会契约论
刑罚权
权利保障
罪刑法定
Alienation of Criminal Law
Social Compact Theory
Power of Punishment
Right Protection
Nulla Poena Sine Lege
