摘要
唇形科含有丰富的药用植物资源,是重要的药用类群.受自然与人为因素影响,部分药用植物野生资源大幅减少,中药材市场存在替代混用现象.为明晰我国唇形科药用植物资源利用现状,基于文献资料与网络市场数据调查,对我国唇形科药用植物种类、分布、药用部位、药食两用情况以及混伪品等进行整理和分析.我国共有274种唇形科药用植物,遍布全国,以云南(154种)和四川(147种)最为丰富,其中有21种可药食两用.唇形科植物药用部位多样,多以全草(191种)入药.中国药典一部共收录唇形科药材20种,其栽培区遍布25个省,以河南、四川栽培种类最多.唇形科药用植物在药材市场中存在不同等级的替代混用现象.可见,唇形科药用植物资源丰富,药用部位与药效多样,开发潜力巨大,但利用率较低且用药情况复杂;建议加强唇形科药用植物的保护性开发利用以及维护药材市场秩序、降低用药风险.
Lamiaceae is an important medicinal plant family with abundant benefits.Due to natural and human factors,wild medicinal resources have substantially declined.As a result,substitution and adulteration of Lamiaceae medicinal materials has become common in the traditional medicine market.To clarify the utilization status of Lamiaceae medicinal resources in China,comprehensive sorting and analysis of Lamiaceae medicinal plants in China was conducted.The medicinal plants were categorized with respect to the species,geographical distribution,and medicinal utility of the plant.Additionally,information on dual usage for food and medicine and the frequency of counterfeits and substitutes was obtained.In total,274 species of Lamiaceae medicinal plants exist in China,of which,21 are edible.Medicinal plants of this family are widely distributed in China,with Yunnan(154 species)and Sichuan(147 species)having the richest resources.Various medicinal components have been identified in this plant.Most Lamiaceae medicinal plants(191 species)can be used in combination with whole herbs.Twenty species of Lamiaceae medicinal materials listed in the first part of the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia are cultivated in 25 provinces in China,among which,Henan and Sichuan have the highest production levels.In the Chinese Traditional Medicine market,Lamiaceae medicinal plants are typically replaced by counterfeits and substitutes from different taxonomic levels.The results of this study showed that medicinal plants in the Lamiaceae family,which are widely distributed in China,have various medicinal functions with great developmental potential.However,the current utilization of the resource is insufficient,and its use in medicine is complicated.The above analysis suggests that further development of Lamiaceae application in medicine should be accompanied with improved protection of this resource.These results are of great significance in maintaining an order in the medicinal-materials market and reducing the risk of misuse.
作者
邱晓萍
张懿
陈煜林
张咏梅
QIU Xiaoping;ZHANG Yi;CHEN Yulin;ZHANG Yongmei(China-Croatia“Belt and Road”Joint Laboratory on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services,Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Intensive Care Unit,West China Second Hospital,Sichuan University,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children(Sichuan University)of Ministry of Education,Chengdu 610041,China)
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期346-356,共11页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
科技部国家科技资源共享服务平台项目(E0117G1001)
国家科技基础条件平台项目(2005DKA21401)资助
关键词
唇形科
药用植物
资源利用
药食两用
Lamiaceae
medicinal plant
resource utilization
food-medicine
