摘要
人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)是改变未来医学的重要工具之一,在肿瘤学领域体现出了巨大的应用潜力。AI技术在胃肠道肿瘤(gastrointestinal tumors,GT)的诊断检出、TNM分期、腹膜转移预测、分子分型预测、预后风险判断、新辅助疗效评估、内镜及病理检查诊断、精准智能诊疗以及机器人手术系统的智能化应用等方面发挥着不可替代的重要作用,为GT诊治及预后提供了新型的手段。然而,AI在临床上的应用也存在不足,例如,AI依赖于高标准、高质量的大数据,AI的建模数据可能存在偏倚,AI的应用存在着一些伦理问题的限制等。本文分别从肿瘤检出、TNM分期、腹膜转移、分子分型、预后风险判断、新辅助治疗、内镜及病理诊断、精准智能诊疗和机器人手术系统几方面介绍了AI在GT的诊治中发挥的作用和展现的潜力,并讨论了目前AI在临床应用中亟待解决的若干问题。
Artificial intelligence(AI)is one of the important tools that will change the field of medicine in the future,and it has great application potential in the field of oncology.AI technology plays irreplaceable roles in the diagnosis and detection of gastrointestinal tumors(GT),precise TNM staging,peritoneal metastasis diagnosis,molecular classification prediction,prognostic risk assessment,neoadjuvant efficacy evaluation,endoscopic and pathological diagnosis,precise intelligent diagnosis and treatment,and intelligent application of robotic surgical systems.AI has provided new methods for the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of GT.However,the clinical application of AI also has certain shortcomings.For example,AI relies on high-standard and high-quality big data,data bias may exist in AI models,and AI application has been limited by ethical problems.This review introduces the roles and potential of AI in GT diagnosis and treatment from the aspects of tumor detection,TNM staging,peritoneal metastasis,molecular classification,prognostic risk assessment,neoadjuvant management,endoscopic and pathological diagnosis,precision intelligent diagnosis and treatment,and robotic surgery system.This review also discusses several urgent issues that need to be addressed in current application of AI in clinical practice.
作者
罗云
李桂红
LUO Yun;LI Guihong(The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Chongqing Hospital,Chongqing 400700,China)
出处
《肿瘤》
CAS
2024年第3期269-277,共9页
Tumor
基金
重庆市科卫联合中医药技术创新与应用发展项目(2021ZY3712)
重庆市卫生健康委员会中医医政重点调研课题项目(ZYYZ001202004)
重庆市北碚区科卫联合中医药技术创新与应用发展项目(2020-27)
广州中医药大学附属北碚中医院院级科研基金项目(2020-1)
关键词
胃肠道肿瘤
人工智能
诊断
治疗
预后
Gastrointestinal tumors
Artificial intelligence
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
